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Recommendations of the working groups; Technical papers.
First published in 1985. This book examines wide variety of ways in which environmental deterioration, in particular soil erosion, can be viewed and the implicit political judgements that often inform them. Using the context of developing countries, where the effects tend to be more acute due to underdevelopment and climatic factors, this work aims to examine this source of uncertainty and make explicit the underlying assumptions in the debate about soil erosion. It also rejects the notion that soil erosion is a politically neutral issue and argues that conservation requires fundamental social change. This title will be of interest to students of environmental and developmental studies.
Soil erosion has become a problem of crisis proportions in developing countries around the globe, and better approaches to land management are desperately needed. This book provides analytical frameworks to guide the creation and appraisal of soil erosion control programs. The authors discuss a broad range of important issues involved in designing and implementing more effective soil conservation programs. The book begins with a discussion of the physical and economic dimensions of soil erosion and an estimation of the extent of the problem. It then explains how to improve the evaluation of soil conservation programs by integrating scientific knowledge with economic methods and procedures. A series of practical illustrations graphically demonstrates the application of the concepts derived from the theory. The most important organizational, institutional, technical, and macroeconomic aspects of soil and land management appraisal are outlined, and the major elements of project or program design are also pinpointed and illustrated. Finally, the book suggests areas most in need of future research.
“Principles of Soil Management and Conservation” comprehensively reviews the state-of-knowledge on soil erosion and management. It discusses in detail soil conservation topics in relation to soil productivity, environment quality, and agronomic production. It addresses the implications of soil erosion with emphasis on global hotspots and synthesizes available from developed and developing countries. It also critically reviews information on no-till management, organic farming, crop residue management for industrial uses, conservation buffers (e.g., grass buffers, agroforestry systems), and the problem of hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and in other regions. This book uniquely addresses the global issues including carbon sequestration, net emissions of CO2, and erosion as a sink or source of C under different scenarios of soil management. It also deliberates the implications of the projected global warming on soil erosion and vice versa. The concern about global food security in relation to soil erosion and strategies for confronting the remaining problems in soil management and conservation are specifically addressed. This volume is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate students interested in understanding the principles of soil conservation and management. The book is also useful for practitioners, extension agents, soil conservationists, and policymakers as an important reference material.
Recommendation of the working groups: a) working group on research, education and extendion; b) working group on organization and financial aspects; c) working group on practical and tecnhical aspects; A) Conservation practices in agriculture: soil conservation practices and erosion control in India D.C. das; traditional forms of land use in relation to soil erosion A.Young; land classification G.M.Higgins; soil conservation as a protective measure against salinization F.Massoud; the role of soil conservation in watershed management on agricultural lands N.Gil; Role of covercrops in soil and water conservation B.D.Okigbo and R. Lal; Studying patterns of soil erosion in Kenya T.Dunne; Soil erosion and reservoir sedimentation case studies in Tanzania A.Rapp; B) Forestry: watershed management and soil conservation; a. conservation of upland wildlands for downstream agriculture S.H.Kunkle and D.A. Harcharik; b. examples of soil and water conservation practices in North African countries-Algeria, Morrocco and Tunisia B.Bensalem; C) Grassland management: a. soil and water conservation as an aid to range management J.Naylor; b. grassland management in relation to soil conservation and erosion control in developing countries T.Tonesco; D. Research,organization, education, extension and environment: a. research needs for soil conservation in developing countries N.Hudson; b. Development of soil and water services in developing countries - specific requirements and possibilities for assistance N.Gil; c. Training, extension and implementation of soil conservation programmes in developing countries O.Jones; d. Environmental perspectives of land use policy in relation to soil and water conservation L.Kadry.
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Conservation practices in agriculture. Forestry. Watershe management and soil conservation. Grassland management.