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Every day thousands of people are killed and injured on our roads. Millions of people each year will spend long weeks in the hospital after severe crashes and many will never be able to live, work or play as they used to do. Current efforts to address road safety are minimal in comparison to this growing human suffering. This report presents a comprehensive overview of what is known about the magnitude, risk factors and impact of road traffic injuries, and about ways to prevent and lessen the impact of road crashes. Over 100 experts, from all continents and different sectors -- including transport, engineering, health, police, education and civil society -- have worked to produce the report. Charts and tables.
The World Health Organization recognizes that motor vehicle crashes and their impacts have become a serious public health crisis, with injury rates expected to escalate globally over the next 30 years. This is not surprising as adversity associated with the traumatic experience of a motor vehicle crash in which one could have died can be overwhelming. The risk of developing a major psychological disorder like depression and/or post-traumatic stress disorder is high, and distress will become substantially intensified if one also sustains physical injury, which can range from a mild injury such as soft tissue damage or concussion, to a severe injury such as spinal cord injury or severe traumatic brain injury. However, the degree of injury severity does not predict the degree of distress and adversity experienced very well. Evidence also suggests that entering a compensation process as a result of injuries can add to the distress experienced. Adversity can include personal suffering (e.g., pain, disability, trauma), financial hardship (e.g., loss of income/employment), social isolation, relationship stress, and a possible extended involvement in an adversarial claims/medical process. Adversity after the Crash: The Physical, Psychological and Social Burden of Motor Vehicle Crashes is the first scholarly book for some time to address a broad range of issues arising from a motor vehicle crash, and the authors are all internationally recognised experts in their respective fields. The book contains four sections, in which topics like types of physical injuries most commonly suffered, epidemiology, economic outcomes, return to work, compensation factors, whiplash, mental health outcomes, pain management, as well as innovative interventions designed to decrease the burden associated with motor vehicle crashes are discussed. This book is a must-read for people involved in researching motor vehicle crash outcomes and recovery, as well as for those providing clinical services to people who have been involved in a motor vehicle crash. Survivors of a motor vehicle crash would also benefit from a clearer understanding of the dynamics involved in recovering from such a traumatic experience.
Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.
"Injury is a public health problem whose toll is unacceptable," claims this book from the Committee on Trauma Research. Although injuries kill more Americans from 1 to 34 years old than all diseases combined, little is spent on prevention and treatment research. In addition, between $75 billion and $100 billion each year is spent on injury-related health costs. Not only does the book provide a comprehensive survey of what is known about injuries, it suggests there is a vast need to know more. Injury in America traces findings on the epidemiology of injuries, prevention of injuries, injury biomechanics and the prevention of impact injury, treatment, rehabilitation, and administration of injury research.