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OPEC members have been suffering from the dramatic decline in oil prices over the past two years, which has seen crude dropping to between $40 and $50 per barrel from more than $100 in 2014. Since OPEC declared its noncutting policy on November 2014, both government budgets and economies of oil-exporting countries felt tremendous pressure. Saudi Arabias economy had especially been seriously affected because of the strategy against the USA. Faced with these challenges, OPEC members finally agreed in a September 2016 meeting in Algeria to cut production in principle. Exact quotas were determined in late November. After this meeting, OPEC oil production began to decrease and the oil prices began to increase. In this study, we found that there is a relation between OPECs oil production and oil prices. We observed the monthly data from November 2014 to May 2017, and we showed that the OPECs influence on oil prices are dwindling. OPEC is still important on prices, and the announcements have an effect on these prices; however, this impact is dwindling. Recently, on May 2017, OPEC and other oil producers are on course to agree to an extension of supply cuts by a further nine months. According to Forbes, crude oil prices had gone up by more than 9% in November, following the initial agreement to reduce output, as opposed to just a 2% jump in oil prices when OPEC announced the extension of the cut. This not only indicates that the proposed output restrictions are not enough to have a meaningful impact on oil prices but also hints at the fact that OPECs power to influence crude oil prices is waning.
This collection of essays explores educational issues confronting educators and researchers from various disciplines. They are grouped into four sections, with the first, “Business Economics and Management”, discussing concepts such as contemporary urban theories, multiculturalism and the informal economy. The second section, “Linguistics and Literature”, encompasses topics such as Russian-Chinese bilingualism and training in Russian phraseology for foreigners. The third section, “Education” considers issues such as language teaching and use of learning cycle model and the Socratic Seminar Technique. The fourth section, “History and Geography”, looks at history education, historical consciousness, and cultural geography. This book will mainly appeal to educators, researchers, and students involved in social sciences.
As an academic discipline, the philosophy and history of science in Turkey was marked by two historical events: Hans Reichenbach's immigrating to Turkey and taking a post between 1933 and 1938 at Istanbul University prior to his tenure at UCLA, and Aydin Sayili's establishing a chair in the history of science in 1952 after having become the first student to receive a Ph.D. under George Sarton at Harvard University. Since then, both disciplines have flourished in Turkey. The present book, which contains seventeen newly commissioned articles, aims to give a rich overview of the current state of research by Turkish philosophers and historians of science. Topics covered address issues in methodology, causation, and reduction, and include philosophy of logic and physics, philosophy of psychology and language, and Ottoman science studies. The book also contains an unpublished interview with Maria Reichenbach, Hans Reichenbach's wife, which sheds new light on Reichenbach's academic and personal life in Istanbul and at UCLA.
This book covers recent advances for quantitative researchers with practical examples from the social sciences. It provides essential information on important issues such as tourism, geography, history, sociology, politics, economy and sport sciences. Each chapter offers a comprehensive range of practical ideas and examples, and all topics are covered by an expert in the field in question. This volume will enable readers to realize that what they see as specific to their own discipline is, in fact, common to several different fields.
Ethics, the moral compass guiding our actions, stands at the core of academic integrity. In the field of social sciences research, ethical violations persist as a silent threat, overshadowing the pursuit of knowledge. Uncovering the pervasive challenges, Methodologies and Ethics for Social Sciences Research boldly addresses the often-overlooked ethical breaches within scientific research. From plagiarism to the distortion of data, the book meticulously dissects common ethical pitfalls, emphasizing their significance in maintaining the credibility and trustworthiness of research outcomes. Recognizing the global nature of academic endeavors, the book sheds light on the cultural factors influencing ethical considerations, fostering a collective awareness among scholars. Methodologies and Ethics for Social Sciences Research transcends geographical boundaries, offering a comprehensive exploration of research methodologies in social sciences. It equips researchers, academics, teachers, and students with the tools to navigate the intricate terrain of scientific inquiry while upholding ethical standards. With a focus on the multicultural perspective, the book features contributions from academics worldwide, enriching the narrative with diverse experiences and insights. By incorporating practical examples of ethical violations from different countries, it not only highlights common ethical dilemmas but also provides a foundation for a shared global understanding of research ethics.
Anthropological practice has been dominated by the so-called "great" traditions (Anglo-American, French, and German). However, processes of decolonization, along with critical interrogation of these dominant narratives, have led to greater visibility of what used to be seen as peripheral scholarship. With contributions from leading anthropologists and social scientists from different countries and anthropological traditions, this volume gives voice to scholars outside these "great" traditions. It shows the immense variety of methodologies, training, and approaches that scholars from these regions bring to anthropology and the social sciences in general, thus enriching the disciplines in important ways at an age marked by multiculturalism, globalization, and transnationalism.
Competitive strategies and higher education-industry collaboration policies are playing a vital role in fostering the reputation and international rankings of higher education institutions. The positive impact of these policies may best be observed in the economic and social outputs of many countries such as the USA, Singapore, South Korea, and European Union (EU) countries such as Belgium, Germany, France, and the Netherlands. However, the number of academic publications that specifically concentrate on the impact of these policies on higher education institutions and authorities remains relatively limited. University-Industry Collaboration Strategies in the Digital Era is an essential research publication that provides comprehensive research on competitive strategies for higher education institutions that will allow them to forge beneficial partnerships with industries that will have a significant impact on their success. Highlighting a wide range of topics such as human resource management, network planning, and institutional structure, this book is ideal for administrators, education professionals, academicians, researchers, policymakers, and students.
Scholarly journals are the capillaries of the scientific world, ensuring the circulation of knowledge. Moreover, scholarly journals guide and indicate the scientific development in an academic field of study or in a country. Scholarly journals, which transfer and spread scientific information, are intended to properly fulfill their functions, preventing the transfer of imperfect or incorrect information to the science world. Significant issues are, therefore, inevitable in the characteristics of scientific studies in such disciplines and countries where the scholarly journals do not fulfill their functions properly. This study encompasses all scholarly journals published in Turkey in all fields of science and other disciplines. The reference questions in this study are grouped under three main categories: the contact and publication information, article evaluation, and publishing information. The number of journals in this present study totals 1,910.
Assessment by rubrics has emerged as a tool with great potential to guide successful student learning from a competency-based approach. Rubrics, as instruments that make it possible to share the criteria for carrying out learning and assessment tasks with students, are excellent roadmaps for student learning largely because they allow students to know what they are expected to do and what they are expected to achieve by carrying out the learning tasks. Improving Learning Through Assessment Rubrics: Student Awareness of What and How They Learn contributes to the improvement of what is being evaluated by identifying the strengths as well as the weaknesses of the didactic use of rubrics in the assessment of university learning. The book also provides a set of theoretical issues, methodological elements, and practical resources for the assessment of university learning using rubrics. Covering topics such as active learning, self-assessment, and teacher identity, this reference work is ideal for administrators, policymakers, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, educators, and students.
Highlighting the workers who provide the essential services, maintenance and manufactured goods that power the global economy, Management and Organizational Studies on Blue and Grey Collar Workers supplies essential knowledge on an often overlooked workforce for a variety of disciplines.