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In today's society, Jew and non-Jew alike know little about the spectrum of practices and beliefs that are called Judaism. Few Jews can answer these questions: What is an Orthodox, a Conservative, a Reform Jew? Why are there different viewpoints within Judaism? How did these different viewpoints come about? Few Christians can answer these questions: What did Jesus, the Jew, believe? How did Jesus, the Jew, practice Judaism? What is the Jewish mindset of the world of 2,000 years ago? What is the range of today's American or Israeli Jewish mindset? Anyone wanting to understand the basics of Judaism needs the level of understanding of Judaism that ""So Many Gates to the City..."" offers. This book makes the foundations of Judaism more understandable and meaningful to the Orthodox, non-Orthodox and non-Jew alike. The most fundamental concepts defining Judaism are made readily understandable, while the divergences that non-Orthodox Jewish movements have taken are made clear.
Don't we have more than enough translations of the Holy Bible? Unfortunately, most translations have three flaws: 1.Translators who did not grow up with Biblical Hebrew, the Holy Language, as a living language find it difficult to appreciate its nuances and poetry. This often results in translation errors, lost subtleties in meaning, and apparently conflicting ideas among different translations. 2.By using footnotes and margin comments, modern translators seek to overcome these difficulties, but this makes the reading labored since reading is constantly interrupted. 3.The Torah was meant to be chanted, with the tunes adding meaning and emphasis to the listener's understanding. Chants are hard to translate into words. Aramaic Targum ?translations? of 2000+ years ago were successful in overcoming these limitations. This Targum Americana combines traditional translation and commentary with some sense of the beauty in English of the original Holy Tongue.
The reason collectors are concerned about the grade of a coin is because the grade is a major factor in determining the coin's market value. Here, in a single book, is a complete discussion of the 15 factors that influence a coin's grade, AND the factors that have little or no influence on grade.
The fact that there are so many translations and commentaries of the Bible tells us that each is somehow lacking something. Most translators did not grow up with Biblical Hebrew as a living language, the Torah was meant to be chanted, and reading continuity is interrupted by footnotes and margin notes. This work overcomes these problems for English speakers in the way the 2,000 year old Targum did for that day's Aramaic speakers.
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This volume collects reflections on secularity from the Middle East and North Africa. To highlight proximate connections as well as resonances with debates elsewhere, it includes premodern contributions from the region as well as Jewish thought from Europe that have provided significant references for modern appropriations of secularity. The texts, for the most part previously untranslated, reflect commonalities within the region as well as its great diversity. Thus, while Islam is a common reference for most of our authors, the selections point to its varied invocations in the interest of differing political ends. Others write from a Christian or Jewish perspective, or subscribe to non-religious intellectual traditions. They range from premodern Muslim jurisprudents and philosophers to Ottoman statesmen, Arab socialist and nationalist intellectuals of the interwar period, Iranian revolutionaries, Israeli novelists, and finally, post-secular intellectuals, lay and religious, predominantly from the former Islamic heartland: modern Arab states and Iran. Several introductions weave together the swathe of topics raised in the discussions, beginning with a schematic presentation of the concerns that undergird the volume's organization.
Whether you are studying the Bible for the first time or you're simply curious about its history and contents, you will find everything you need in this "accessible, well-written handbook to Jewish belief as set forth in the Torah" (The Jerusalem Post). George Robinson, author of the acclaimed Essential Judaism, begins by recounting the various theories of the origins of the Torah and goes on to explain its importance as the core element in Jewish belief and practice. He discusses the basics of Jewish theology and Jewish history as they are derived from the Torah, and he outlines how the Dead Sea Scrolls and other archaeological discoveries have enhanced our understanding of the Bible. He introduces us to the vast literature of biblical commentary, chronicles the evolution of the Torah’s place in the synagogue service, offers an illuminating discussion of women and the Bible, and provides a study guide as a companion for individual or group Bible study. In the book’s centerpiece, Robinson summarizes all fifty-four portions that make up the Torah and gives us a brilliant distillation of two thousand years of biblical commentaries—from the rabbis of the Mishnah and the Talmud to medieval commentators such as Rashi, Maimonides, and ibn Ezra to contemporary scholars such as Nahum Sarna, Nechama Leibowitz, Robert Alter, and Everett Fox. This extraordinary volume—which includes a listing of the Torah reading cycles, a Bible time line, glossaries of terms and biblical commentators, and a bibliography—will stand as the essential sourcebook on the Torah for years to come.