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Construction planning for tall buildings becomes more complex with small land parcels in urban cores, fast-paced schedules and a growing number of domains involved in decision-making. This research consists of evaluating the literature regarding construction planning techniques, decision-making models, constraints in the current construction industry and holding interviews with domain experts to summarize their implicit knowledge regarding construction site logistics planning. It was found that there is no existing tool that adequately optimizes a construction site plan as all research is carried out in isolation, only optimizing a certain piece of equipment or operation. In this research, a multi-domain decision-making tool was developed to assist project planners in site planning on complex construction projects so multiple domain decisions and impacts are simultaneously realized, and a framework for construction site planning that can be applied to the industry was introduced.
This book states that the proceedings gathers selected papers from 2022 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture (ICCEA 2022), which was held in Hanoi, Vietnam on December 16-18, 2022. The conference is the premier forum for the presentation of new advances and research results in the fields of theoretical, experimental, and practical civil engineering and architecture. And this proceedings from the conference mainly discusses architectural design and project management, environmental protection and spatial planning, design and analysis of building materials, and structural engineering and safety. And these materials can be useful and valuable sources for researchers and professionals working in the field of civil engineering and architecture.
Planning the site layout of construction projects is a crucial task that has a significant impact on construction cost, productivity, and safety. It involves the positioning and dynamic relocation of temporary facilities that are needed to support various construction activities on site such as offices, storage areas, workshops, and parking areas. Due to the complexity of the site layout planning problem, construction managers often perform this task using previous experience, ad-hoc rules, and first-come-first-serve approach which leads to ambiguity and even to inefficiency. Accordingly, a number of site layout planning models have been developed over the past three decades to support this important planning task. Despite the contributions of existing site layout planning models, they have a number of limitations that require additional research in five main areas in order to: (1) ensure global optimization of dynamic site layout planning; (2) integrate material procurement and site layout planning in a construction logistics planning model; (3) enhance the utilization of interior building spaces for material storage areas on congested construction sites; (4) enable automated retrieval and integration of all necessary data of construction logistics and site layout planning from available design and planning documents; and (5) consider security needs and constraints during the construction of critical infrastructure projects. Accordingly, the main objectives of this study are to: (1) formulate novel models of dynamic site layout planning (DSLP) that are capable of generating global optimal solutions of DSLP problems by considering the effects of first stage layout decisions on the layouts of subsequent stages; (2) develop an innovative optimization model for construction logistics planning (CLP) that is capable of integrating and optimizing the critical planning decisions of material procurement and material storage on construction sites; (3) formulate a new multi-objective optimization model for Congested Construction Logistics Planning that is capable of modeling and utilizing interior and exterior spaces in order to generate optimal logistics plans for congested construction sites; (4) develop a multi-objective automated system for construction logistics optimization that enables seamless retrieval and integration of project spatial, temporal, and logistics data as well as generating and reporting optimal plans of material procurement and site layouts; and (5) formulate a multi-objective optimization framework for planning construction site layouts and site security systems of critical infrastructure projects. First, two novel optimization models are developed that are capable of generating global optimal solutions of dynamic site layout planning in order to minimize resources travel and facilities relocation costs while complying with various site geometric constraints. The first model, DSLP-GA, is implemented using Genetic Algorithms while the second model, DSLP-ADP, is formulated using Approximate Dynamic Programming. These two models are designed to optimize facilities locations and orientations over construction stages to minimize total layout costs, which include the travel cost of construction resources and the cost of relocating temporary facilities between construction stages. Furthermore, the developed models consider four types of geometric constraints (boundary, overlap, distance, and zone constraints), which can be used to represent site space availability as well as construction operational and/or safety requirements. The performance of these two models is evaluated using two examples to illustrate their capabilities in generating global optimal plans solutions for dynamic site layout planning problems. Second, a novel model of construction logistics planning (CLP) is developed to enable the integration and simultaneous optimization of critical planning decisions of material procurement and material storage on construction sites. Procurement decision variables are designed to identify the fixed-ordering-periods of each material in every construction stage, while dynamic layout decision variables are designed to identify the locations and orientations of material storage areas and other temporary facilities in each construction stage. The model utilizes Genetic Algorithms to generate optimal material procurement and layout decisions in order to minimize four types of construction logistics costs: material ordering, financing, stock-out, and layout costs. The performance of the developed CLP model is evaluated using an application example that illustrates the model capabilities in: (1) generating optimal procurement decisions that minimize ordering, financing, and stock-out costs while considering site space availability; and (2) generating optimal layout decisions that minimize layout costs while complying with material storage space needs as well as imposed operational and safety geometric constraints. Third, an innovative multi-objective optimization model for congested construction logistics planning (C2LP) is developed to help planners in utilizing interior building spaces and generating optimal logistics plans that minimize total logistics cost while minimizing the adverse impacts of interior material storage on project schedule. Interior building space is represented as a set of non-identical rooms that can be defined based on project architectural drawings, while exterior space is modeled as a grid of locations with planner-specified fixed spacing. The model utilizes multi-objective Genetic Algorithms to formulate and optimize four categories of decision variables: (1) material procurement that includes fixed-ordering-periods of every material in each stage; (2) material storage plan that includes material storage type, exterior grid location, exterior orientation angle, and/or interior storage location for every material in each stage; (3) temporary facilities site layout that identifies exterior grid location and orientation angle for every temporary facility in each stage; and (4) schedule of noncritical activities that identifies the number of minimum-shifting-days within the total float of each non-critical activity. Interior material storage plans are generated using novel computational algorithms that consider four main types of interior storage constraints: room space capacities, room creation times, room partitioning times, and permissible material interior storage periods. Furthermore, new algorithms are developed to calculate interior and exterior material handling costs as well as shifting of noncritical activities. C2LP model utilizes Genetic Algorithms to generate optimal solutions that represent optimal tradeoffs between the two conflicting objectives of minimizing total logistics costs and project schedule criticality. Fourth, a prototype automated multi-objective optimization system for construction logistics planning is implemented to support construction planners in generating optimal plans of material logistics and site layout. The system is developed in four main modules: (1) site spatial data retrieval module; (2) schedule data retrieval module; (3) relational database module; and (4) graphical user interface module. The site spatial data retrieval module is designed to facilitate the automated retrieval of site exterior dimensions and building geometric attributes (building footprint, floors, and rooms) from existing IFC-Based Building Information Models of the project. The schedule data retrieval module is designed to obtain the list of construction activities, their relationships, construction materials, and activities material demand from schedule database files that are exported from Microsoft Project. The relational database module is designed to store and integrate project spatial, temporal, and logistics input data considering their interdependencies in order to eliminate data inconsistencies. The user interface module is designed to facilitate data input and reporting of generated optimal material logistics plans. Fifth, a multi-objective optimization framework is developed to enable construction planners of critical infrastructure projects to plan and optimize the implementation of site physical security systems and layout planning in order to minimize construction security risks and overall site costs. The framework is developed in four main phases: (1) risk identification and system modeling phase to identify security threats, attackers, and targets as well as site and security system geometric representation; (2) security lighting optimization phase to generate optimal tradeoff designs of fence and area lighting systems that consider the conflicting objectives of maximizing lighting performance while minimizing its system cost; (3) security-cost optimization phase to generate optimal site security systems that quantifies and simultaneously minimizes construction security risks and overall site cost; and (4) performance evaluation phase to test and analyze the performance of the proposed framework. The aforementioned developments of this research study contribute to enhancing the current practices of site layout and material logistics planning and can lead to: (1) increasing the efficiency and global optimality of construction site layout planning; (2) improving construction productivity that can be realized as a result of the early coordination between material procurement and site space planning; (3) enhancing the utilization of interior building spaces for material storage areas while minimizing its possible negative impacts on construction operations and schedules; (4) increasing the security level on the construction sites of critical infrastructure projects; and (5) minimizing contractors site costs that cover the travel cost of resources on construction sites, material logistics, and site security systems.
This book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the International Conference on Construction Logistics, Equipment and Robotics (CLEaR), held at the TUM Academy Center Raitenhaslach near Munich, Germany on October 09-11, 2023. The contributions encompass three main themes, construction logistics, equipment and robotics, and cover a diverse range of topics such as supply chain management​, process management​, LEAN and industrialized construction​, production systems, BIM and digtial twin​, sensoric and embedded systems​, zero emission and sustainability, autonomous machines​, IIoT and collaborative machines​, autonomous mobile robots​, computer vision and perception systems​, cloud/edge computing​, and human robot interaction. They explore the latest findings in the field of construction industry, and discuss new perspectives and practices that will strengthen the role of construction logistics as part of the Industry 4.0.
Modelled on the concept of Industry 4.0, the idea of Construction 4.0 is based on a confluence of trends and technologies that promise to reshape the way built environment assets are designed, constructed, and operated. With the pervasive use of Building Information Modelling (BIM), lean principles, digital technologies, and offsite construction, the industry is at the cusp of this transformation. The critical challenge is the fragmented state of teaching, research, and professional practice in the built environment sector. This handbook aims to overcome this fragmentation by describing Construction 4.0 in the context of its current state, emerging trends and technologies, and the people and process issues that surround the coming transformation. Construction 4.0 is a framework that is a confluence and convergence of the following broad themes discussed in this book: Industrial production (prefabrication, 3D printing and assembly, offsite manufacture) Cyber-physical systems (actuators, sensors, IoT, robots, cobots, drones) Digital and computing technologies (BIM, video and laser scanning, AI and cloud computing, big data and data analytics, reality capture, Blockchain, simulation, augmented reality, data standards and interoperability, and vertical and horizontal integration) The aim of this handbook is to describe the Construction 4.0 framework and consequently highlight the resultant processes and practices that allow us to plan, design, deliver, and operate built environment assets more effectively and efficiently by focusing on the physical-to-digital transformation and then digital-to-physical transformation. This book is essential reading for all built environment and AEC stakeholders who need to get to grips with the technological transformations currently shaping their industry, research, and teaching.
The construction logistics manager plays an increasingly central role in the construction process. In fact, their decisions can crucially affect the success or failure of a project. Recognition of the critical role they play has spurred evermore interest in this budding field amongst both researchers and practitioners. An accessible text on construction logistics, Supply Chain Management and Logistics in Construction provides essential guidance and expert advice for construction managers, as well as researchers and students in the field. This important new title looks at arrangements with suppliers, the use of returnable packaging and off-site manufacture and assembly, IT systems used to manage the supply chain and logistics operations, such as delivery management systems, warehouse management systems and material planning and forecasting systems. It also considers aspects of the contractual relationships between client, developer, main contractor and lower-tier contractors, all of which have an impact on how the supply chain is managed. In addition to providing a range of fresh ground-breaking case studies, the book features contributions from leading experts in the field who have been involved in projects with companies such as TFL, BAA, The Red Cross, as well as big construction programmes such as the Olympics and Cross Rail.
Organizing and administering a construction site so that the right resources get to the right place in a timely fashion demands strong leadership and a rigorous process. Good logistical operations are essential to profitability, and this book is the essential, muddy boots guide to efficient site management. Written by experienced educator-practitioners from the world-leading Building Construction Management program at Purdue University, this volume is the ultimate guide to the knowledge, skills, and abilities that need to be mastered by project superintendents. Observations about leadership imperatives and techniques are included. Organizationally, the book follows site-related activities from bidding to project closeout. Beyond outlining broad project managerial practices, the authors drill into operational issues such as temporary soils and drainage structures, common equipment, and logistics. The content is primarily geared for the manager of a domestic or small commercial building construction project, but includes some reference to public and international work, where techniques, practices, and decision making can be substantially different. The book is structured into five sections and fifteen chapters. This facilitates ready adaptation either to industry training seminars or to university courses: Section I. The Project and Site Pre-Planning: The Construction Project and Site Environment (Randy R. Rapp); Due Diligence (Robert Cox); Site Organization and Layout (James O'Connor). Section II. The Site and Field Engineering Issues: Building Layout (Douglas Keith); Soil and Drainage Issues (Yi Jiang and Randy R. Rapp). Section III. Site Logistics: Site Logistical Procedures and Administration (Daphene Koch); Earthmoving (Douglas Keith); Material Handling Equipment (Bryan Hubbard). Section IV. Leadership and Control: Leadership and Communication (Bradley L. Benhart); Health, Safety, Environment (HSE), and Security (Jeffrey Lew); Project Scheduling (James Jenkins); Project Site Controls (Joseph Orczyk); Inspection and QA/QC (James Jenkins). Section V. Planning for Completion: Site-Related Contract Claims (Joseph Orczyk); Project Closeout (Randy R. Rapp).
Mounting emphasis on construction supply chain management (CSCM) is due to both global sourcing of materials and a shortage of labor. These factors force increasing amounts of value-added work to be conducted off-site deep in the supply chain. Construction Supply Chain Management Handbook compiles in one comprehensive source an overview of the dive
Approximately 80 per cent of European and American citizens live in an urban environment. Due to their large populations and extensive commercial establishments, urban areas require large quantities of goods and services for commercial and domestic use. This results in increasing levels of demand for freight transport services. Freight transport in towns and cities is a major contributor to environmental impacts, particularly to local air pollution and noise. Urban Logistics addresses public policy makers, freight transport companies and receivers of supplies, providing them with the information and guidance to affect change in the logistics of the city. Urban Logistics is written by an outstanding team of international editors combining their expertise and using their research from leading business schools in Sweden and the US. There are also valuable contributions from academics and industry experts from companies and universities from all over the world. The book includes clear examples of initiatives that work and business case developments, as well as toolkits for policymakers and managers who are devising new initiatives. There is an in-depth examination of different aspects of urban logistics, such as retail logistics for cities, urban food supply chains, services and the special logistics requirements involved, construction, waste management and e-commerce and home delivery. There is also a focus on networks and partnerships and an analysis of innovation as a new constant.
Pictorial survey of heavy construction - skyscrapers, bridges, dams, railways, tunnels, highways, towers, missile silos, etc.