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La simulation spatiale à base d’agents a connu un essor considérable au sein de la communauté scientifique, mais également auprès de nombreuses disciplines de sciences sociales. Les modèles agents sont tout aussi bien des outils de compréhension, de prospection et de scénarisation, que des médias de l’échange interdisciplinaire. Proposant une approche méthodologique au travers d’un exemple fil rouge inspirée d’une problématique réelle en épidémiologie, cet ouvrage étudie la modélisation à base d'agents des phénomènes spatialisés ainsi que les possibilités d’exploration de modèles agent offertes par la plateforme NetLogo (modèles agrégés, systèmes dynamiques, systèmes multi-acteurs). Guide pédagogique, il s’appuie sur des techniques reconnues de modélisation et de prospection via des méthodes d’exploration et de scénarisation par simulation participative.
Faisant suite au premier volume qui introduit la plate-forme NetLogo comme un moyen de prototypage de modèles simples, ce deuxième volume se concentre sur l’utilisation avancée de NetLogo pour connecter les données et les théories, ce qui en fait un outil essentiel pour la communauté scientifique. Simulation spatiale à base d’agents avec NetLogo 2 se concentre sur la modélisation par agents des phénomènes spatialisés à travers une approche méthodologique et pratique. Il démontre comment les méthodes et les techniques avancées de simulation spatiale basées sur les agents peuvent être mises en oeuvre. Cet ouvrage permet d’approfondir les bases théoriques et conceptuelles dans le domaine de la modélisation ainsi que les connaissances algorithmiques et techniques de l'informatique en vue de mettre en oeuvre les modèles produits.
The modeling of cities and territories has progressed greatly in the last 20 years. This is firstly due to geographic information systems, followed by the availability of large amounts of georeferenced data – both on the Internet and through the use of connected objects. In addition, the rise in performance of computational methods for the simulation and exploration of dynamic models has facilitated advancement. Geographical Modeling presents previously unpublished information on the main advances achieved by these new approaches. Each of the six chapters builds a bibliographic review and precisely describes the methods used, highlighting their advantages and discussing their interpretations. They are all illustrated by many examples. The book also explains with clarity the theoretical foundations of geographical analysis, the delicate operations of model selection, and the applications of fractals and scaling laws. These applications include gaining knowledge of the morphology of cities and the organization of urban transport, and finding new methods of building and exploring simulation models and visualizations of data and results.
This book introduces the companion modelling approach by presenting the stance that underpins it, the methods and tools used with stakeholders and the specific role of models during the process. It addresses the means to deal with the different levels of decision-making and to take into account the various power relationships. It proposes a methodology to assess the impact of the approach on the stakeholders involved in the process. The book includes 27 case studies and 7 teaching tools that describe the successful use of the approach in a variety of settings or teaching contexts. It is intended for researchers working on rural development or renewable resources management, as well as students and teachers.
Operational Research (OR) deals with the use of advanced analytical methods to support better decision-making. It is multidisciplinary with strong links to management science, decision science, computer science and many application areas such as engineering, manufacturing, commerce and healthcare. In the study of emergent behaviour in complex adaptive systems, Agent-based Modelling & Simulation (ABMS) is being used in many different domains such as healthcare, energy, evacuation, commerce, manufacturing and defense. This collection of articles presents a convenient introduction to ABMS with papers ranging from contemporary views to representative case studies. The OR Essentials series presents a unique cross-section of high quality research work fundamental to understanding contemporary issues and research across a range of Operational Research (OR) topics. It brings together some of the best research papers from the esteemed Operational Research Society and its associated journals, also published by Palgrave Macmillan.
This book includes the proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Information Technology, Services and Systems (AIT2S-17) held on April 14–15, 2017 in Tangier, Morocco. Presenting the latest research in the field, it stimulates debate, discusses new challenges and provides insights into the field in order to promote closer interaction and interdisciplinary collaboration between researchers and practitioners. Intended for researchers and practitioners in advanced information technology/management and networking, the book is also of interest to those in emergent fields such as data science and analytics, big data, Internet of Things, smart networked systems, artificial intelligence and expert systems, pattern recognition, and cloud computing.
The architect's primary source for information on designing for egress, evacuation, and life safety, Egress Design Solutions, Emergency Evacuation and Crowd Management Planning, is written by proven experts on egress issues. Meacham and Tubbs are engineers with Arup, an international firm with a stellar reputation for quality design and engineering. Their book examines egress solutions in terms of both prescriptive and performance-based code issues. A portion of the book focuses on techniques for providing egress design solutions and for coordinating egress systems with other critical life safety systems. Another part reviews historic and recent tragic life-loss fire events. As such, this is easily the most comprehensive take on the subject, written especially for architects.
This unique book brings together a comprehensive set of papers on the background, theory, technical issues and applications of agent-based modelling (ABM) within geographical systems. This collection of papers is an invaluable reference point for the experienced agent-based modeller as well those new to the area. Specific geographical issues such as handling scale and space are dealt with as well as practical advice from leading experts about designing and creating ABMs, handling complexity, visualising and validating model outputs. With contributions from many of the world’s leading research institutions, the latest applied research (micro and macro applications) from around the globe exemplify what can be achieved in geographical context. This book is relevant to researchers, postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students, and professionals in the areas of quantitative geography, spatial analysis, spatial modelling, social simulation modelling and geographical information sciences.
Advanced work on GIS applications in such fields as urban planning, transportation, and economic development