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An experimental investigation has been made of the attenuation of strong shock waves in air in a shock tube. Time-history measurements were made of the static pressure at several stations in the wall of the tube. The internal diameter of the tube is 3.75 inches. shock-wave-velocity data were taken for a distance along the tube of about 120 feet.
Shock tube flow analysis with dimensionless velocity number.
Fluid instabilities exist at the interface between two fluids having different densities if the flow velocity and density gradient are anti-parallel or if a shock wave crosses the boundary. The former case is called the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability and the latter, the Richtmyer-Meshkov (R-M) instability. Small initial perturbations on the interface destabilize and grow into larger amplitude structures leading to turbulent mixing. Instabilities of this type are seen in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, laser produced plasmas, supernova explosions, and detonations.
A method is discussed for the simultaneous determination of pressure and temperature of a confined, impulsively heated gas. The method requires the measurement of the shock Mach numbers in two small shock tubes that use the impulsively heated gas as a driver. Different initial pressures in the shock tubes result in two simultaneous equations for driver pressure and temperature as a function of the measured shock Mach numbers. These equations are examined for ideal and real gases in the limit of infinite driver to driven section area ratio. The effect of contamination of the driver gas during the heating pulse is considered also. (Author).