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We have studied two regions of doubly closed shell nuclei over the nuclear chart: stable nuclei with N Z around 40Ca and highly neutron-rich ones close to drip-line above the 132Sn shell closure. Both experimental and theoretical works have been performed for each of these mass regions. The experimental part includes three works: (i) high energy characterization of the Compton suppressed Clover detector, (ii) In-beam gamma-ray spectroscopic studies of high spin states of 35Cl in mass 40 region and (iii) X- and gamma- ray spectroscopic studies of fission fragments of 252Cf spontaneous fission source in mass 132Sn region. The theoretical study supplemented the experimental findings using the microscopic Shell model and the phenomenological Particle Rotor model. Our work emphasizes that the issues thought to be relevant for nuclei away from stability, should also be studied over a broader region of nuclear territory. With the latest developments in the experimental facilities, the nuclei near the stability line should be re-investigated for finding possible correlations with those away from stability.
Recent studies have shown that the phenomenology of single-magic and near-magic nuclei has universal characteristics analogous to those of collective nuclei and that, moreover, this phenomenology attaches smoothly to that describing collective nuclei. This has led to a number of new signatures of structure as well as to a new, tripartite, classification of nuclear structure that embraces the gamut of structures from magic, through pre-collective, to fully collective and rotational nuclei. Aside from the natural appeal of simple global correlations of collective observables, these results have particular significance for soon-to-be accessible exotic nuclei near the drip lines since they rely on only the simplest-to-obtain data, in particular, the energies of just the first two excited states, E(41) and E(21), of even-even nuclei, and the B(E2:21+-->01+) value. Indeed, without the need for more extensive level schemes, these basic data alone can reveal information about the goodness of seniority, about the validity of pair-addition mode relationships of adjacent even-even nuclei, about underlying shell structure (validity of magic numbers) and even about the shell model potential itself (e.g., the strengths of the l· and l2 terms).
Stable nuclei -- Empirical evidence for the magic numbers -- Review of electronic structure of atoms -- Individual orbits in the nucleus -- Properties of nuclear ground states -- Discussion of the empirical data for odd-[A] nuclei -- Determination of parity and occupation numbers by the angular distribution of (d, p) and (d, n) reactions -- Quadruple moments and isotope shifts -- Decay, in particular for nuclei of odd [A] -- Light nuclei -- Nuclei of even [A] -- General facts about nuclear spectroscopy -- Isomerism in nuclei of odd [A].
"These proceedings contain selected topics covering various fields of collective motion and nuclear dynamics, ranging from low to high energies, from nuclear structure to reaction mechanisms, from regular stable to chaotic systems, and from fragmentation to fusion. Several ways of investigating the nuclear systems are presented: electron scattering radioactive beams, fragmenting projectiles, beta and double beta decays, and cluster emission. Their behaviour, under some extreme situations such as superdeformation, high spin states, high temperature, and relativisitic energy, is described within various theoretical formalisms."--Publisher's website.
The physics of nuclear collective motion was pioneered by A Bohr and B R Mottelson 50 years ago. Since then, experimental and theoretical development in this field has been remarkable under the leadership of the Copenhagen group. In the 21st century, a new era has opened up due to the recent developments of experimental facilities, especially radioactive ion beams and large γ-ray arrays. Interest in collective motions is now shared in the research of other quantum many-body systems — for example, microclusters and Bose-Einstein condensation. It is therefore timely and important to review the current understanding of collective motions and discuss new directions of future study.The main topics of the symposium include recent theoretical and experimental progress in the understanding of vibrational and rotational motions in nuclei. Collective motions of Bose-Einstein condensation and microclusters are also addressed. The symposium invited several keynote speakers to review and discuss our present understanding and to identify future challenges. Oral presentations are also selected from submitted contributions. This symposium is an opportunity not just to present progress and future prospects but to exchange new ideas and to provoke controversies through intellectual debates.The proceedings have been selected for coverage in:• Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings)
This textbook on nuclear structure takes a unique approach to the topic, explaining nuclear structure by building on a few elementary physical ideas. Intricate topics such as shell model residual interactions, the Nilsson model, and the RPA analysis of collective vibrations are explained in a simple, intuitive way so that predictions can usually be made without calculations, essentially by inspection. Frequent data comparison shows the relevance of theoretical approaches. New to this edition are chapters on exotic nuclei and radioactive beams,and correlations of collective observables. Completely new discussions are given on isopin, the shell model, nature of collective vibrations, multi- phonon states, superdeformation, bandmixing, the geometric collective model, the fermei gas model, basic properties of simple nuclear potentials, the deuteron, etc.
This advanced textbook presents an extensive and diverse study of low-energy nuclear physics considering the nucleus as a quantum system of strongly interacting constituents. The contents guide students from the basic facts and ideas to more modern topics including important developments over the last 20 years, resulting in a comprehensive collection of major modern-day nuclear models otherwise unavailable in the current literature. The book emphasizes the common features of the nucleus and other many-body mesoscopic systems currently in the center of interest in physics. The authors have also included full problem sets that can be selected by lecturers and adjusted to specific interests for more advanced students, with many chapters containing links to freely available computer code. As a result, readers are equipped for scientific work in mesoscopic physics.
This book is aimed at enabling the reader to obtain a working knowledge of the nuclear shell model and to understand nuclear structure within the framework of the shell model. Attention is concentrated on a coherent, self-contained exposition of the main ideas behind the model with ample illustrations to give an idea beyond formal exposition of the concepts. Since this text grew out of a course taught for advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate students in theoretical nuclear physics, the accents are on a detailed exposition of the material with step-by-step derivations rather than on a superficial description of a large number of topics. In this sense, the book differs from a number of books on theoretical nuclear physics by narrowing the subject to only the nuclear shell model. Most of the expressions used in many of the existing books treating the nuclear shell model are derived here in more detail, in a practitioner's way. Due to frequent student requests I have expanded of detail in order to take away the typical phrase " . . . after some the level simple and straightforward algebra one finds . . . ". The material could probably be treated in a one-year course (implying going through the problem sets and setting up a number of numerical studies by using the provided computer codes). The book is essentially self-contained but requires an introductory course on quantum mechanics and nuclear physics on a more general level.