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This thesis investigates the shear capacity of concrete T-beams prestressed with CFRP cables (CFCC) and contributes to the scarce research available for shear behavior of FRP prestressed concrete beams. Four beams are tested under distributed load, while twelve beams are tested under four point bending. Three different a/d ratios of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 are investigated. The results show that the shear capacity of the beams increases significantly when a/d is reduced below 2.5. The effect of FRP stirrups on the shear capacity of the beams is investigated and it is shown that the minimum required stirrups according to CSA-S6-10 are ineffective in deep beams with a/d = 1.5. The accuracy of current North American shear design formulas for FRP prestressed concrete beams subjected to four-point bending and distributed load is evaluated. The available strut and tie models are studied for determining the shear capacity of FRP prestressed deep beams.
Concrete will be the key material for Mankind to create the built environment of the next millennium. The requirements of this infrastructure will be both demanding, in terms of technical performance and economy, and yet be greatly varied, from architectural masterpieces to the simplest of utilities.Specialist techniques and materials for concrete construction forms the Proceedings of the three day international conference held during the Congress, creating with concrete, 6-10 September 1999, organised by the Concrete technology unit, University of Dundee.
Prepared by the Reinforced Concrete Research Council of ASCE. This report reprints a collection of studies advancing the knowledge of the effects of fatigue loading on the structural behavior of prestressed concrete flexural members. Each study represents one phase of an extensive research program conducted at Lehigh University and sponsored by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Reinforced Concrete Research Council. The four areas of study are: the effect of stress gradient on the probable fatigue life of plain concrete, as related to the compression block of prestressed concrete flexural members; the probable fatigue life of seven-wire prestressing strand under repeated loading of either constant or varied magnitude; the probable fatigue life of prestressed concrete flexural members, as limited by the fatigue failure of the prestressing strand; and the susceptibility of prestressed concrete flexural members to fatigue failure in shear. This report provides guidance to structural engineers faced with the design or analysis of prestressed concrete flexural members and to research engineers who are seeking to extend the knowledge of structural behavior as affected by repeated loading.
The use of externally bounded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) for strengthening existing RC structures has shown promising results. Although CFRP materials have high tensile strength, the ability to utilize that strength is limited by debonding of the CFRP laminates from the concrete surface. In order to prevent or delay debonding, CFRP anchors were used to provide an alternative means of transferring forces from CFRP strips to the concrete. Previous tests on prestressed I-girders strengthened with uni-directional and bi-directional CFRP strips showed that bi-directional CFRP application resulted in significant shear strength gain in comparison to a uni-directional application. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear with bi-directional CFRP strips and CFRP anchors so that the findings from the previous work can be understood and implemented. Four 24 in. deep T-beams were fabricated at the Phil M. Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin. Eight tests were conducted on these specimens to examine the effect of the bi-directional layout of CFRP on the shear strength. Specimens with 14-in. web width were selected as a part of the experimental program to allow for direct comparison with test results from the previous project. Additional beams with a web width of 8 in. were included to evaluate thinner webs similar to those in the I-girders. Test results indicate a significant increase in shear strength due to the bi-directional application of CFRP strips with CFRP anchors installed on beams with a shear span-to-depth ratio (a/d) of 3. Substantial shear strength gain up to 62% was achieved in beams with 14-in. webs. and up to 43% for beams with 8-in. webs. However, negligible shear strength gain was observed in beams with a/d of 1.5 (deep beams). Experimental test results demonstrate an interaction between the contribution of concrete, transverse steel and CFRP to the shear resistance of a reinforced concrete beam. The findings of this research contribute to a better understanding of the shear behavior of reinforced concrete members strengthened with externally bonded CFRP applied bi-directionally. Experimental results from this research project provide data needed in the field of CFRP shear strengthening since limited data are available on large-scale tests.