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""Sewage Infrastructure: A Historical Journey Through the Underbelly of Urban Development"" offers a comprehensive exploration of one of society's most overlooked yet crucial systems. This engaging book delves into the evolution of sewage systems from ancient civilizations to modern cities, highlighting the engineering marvels that make contemporary wastewater management possible. It presents a fascinating narrative that interweaves historical context, technological advancements, and societal progress, demonstrating how sewage infrastructure serves as a mirror of urban development and public health. The book's approach is both informative and accessible, guiding readers through complex topics such as hydraulic principles and wastewater chemistry while maintaining a clear, engaging tone. It progresses from ancient drainage systems to cutting-edge sustainable practices, incorporating insights from recent archaeological discoveries and global case studies. By examining milestones like the great sanitation awakening of the 19th century and the advent of modern treatment plants, the book illustrates the profound impact of sewage management on public health and environmental stewardship. What sets this work apart is its holistic perspective, connecting engineering principles with historical narratives and sociological insights. It not only addresses technical aspects but also explores the broader implications of sewage infrastructure on urban planning, economic development, and environmental conservation. This multifaceted approach makes the book a valuable resource for professionals, students, and curious readers alike, offering a deeper understanding of the hidden systems that support modern life.
A critical aspect of sustainability associated with water and wastewater systems is to maintain and manage infrastructure in the most efficient and economical manner while complying with environmental regulations and keeping rates at acceptable levels. Given the high cost of fuel, our growing population, and the associated increase in energy needs,
According to a report released by the Water Infrastructure Network (WIN), over the next 20 years America's water and wastewater systems will have to invest an additional $20 billion a year to replace aging and failing infrastructure in order to comply with the national environmental and public health priorities in the Clean Water Act and Safe Drink
In the quest to reduce costs and improve the efficiency of water and wastewater services, many communities in the United States are exploring the potential advantages of privatization of those services. Unlike other utility services, local governments have generally assumed responsibility for providing water services. Privatization of such services can include the outright sale of system assets, or various forms of public-private partnershipsâ€"from the simple provision of supplies and services, to private design construction and operation of treatment plants and distribution systems. Many factors are contributing to the growing interest in the privatization of water services. Higher operating costs, more stringent federal water quality and waste effluent standards, greater customer demands for quality and reliability, and an aging water delivery and wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure are all challenging municipalities that may be short of funds or technical capabilities. For municipalities with limited capacities to meet these challenges, privatization can be a viable alternative. Privatization of Water Services evaluates the fiscal and policy implications of privatization, scenarios in which privatization works best, and the efficiencies that may be gained by contracting with private water utilities.
A history of of the industrial ecosystem that focuses on the biological sewage treatment plant as an early example. Biological sewage treatment, like electricity, power generation, telephones, and mass transit, has been a key technology and a major part of the urban infrastructure since the late nineteenth century. But sewage treatment plants are not only a ubiquitous component of the modern city, they are also ecosystems--a hybrid variety that incorporates elements of both nature and industry and embodies multiple contradictions. In Hybrid Nature, Daniel Schneider offers an environmental history of the biological sewage treatment plant in the United States and England, viewing it as an early and influential example of an industrial ecosystem. The sewage treatment plant relies on microorganisms and other plants and animals but differs from a natural ecosystem in the extent of human intervention in its creation and management. Schneider explores the relationship between society and nature in the industrial ecosystem and the contradictions that define it: the naturalization of industry versus the industrialization of nature; the public interest versus private (patented) technology; engineers versus bacterial and human labor; and purification versus profits in the marketing of sewage fertilizer. Schneider also describes biotechnology's direct connections to the history of sewage treatment, and how genetic engineering is extending the reaches of the industrial ecosystem to such "natural" ecosystems as oceans, rivers, and forests. In a conclusion that shows how industrial ecosystems continue to evolve, Schneider discusses John Todd's Living Machine, a natural purification method of sewage treatment, as the embodiment of the contradictions of the industrial ecosystem.
Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this book provides ready access to legislation and practice concerning the environment in Taiwan. A general introduction covers geographic considerations, political, social and cultural aspects of environmental study, the sources and principles of environmental law, environmental legislation, and the role of public authorities. The main body of the book deals first with laws aimed directly at protecting the environment from pollution in specific areas such as air, water, waste, soil, noise, and radiation. Then, a section on nature and conservation management covers protection of natural and cultural resources such as monuments, landscapes, parks and reserves, wildlife, agriculture, forests, fish, subsoil, and minerals. Further treatment includes the application of zoning and land-use planning, rules on liability, and administrative and judicial remedies to environmental issues. There is also an analysis of the impact of international and regional legislation and treaties on environmental regulation. Its succinct yet scholarly nature, as well as the practical quality of the information it provides, make this book a valuable resource for environmental lawyers handling cases affecting Taiwan. Academics and researchers, as well as business investors and the various international organizations in the field, will welcome this very useful guide, and will appreciate its value in the study of comparative environmental law and policy.
The book China and the World Bank: Promoting Capacity Development summarizes the experience of China’s capacity development under the support of the World Bank through the detailed analysis of China’s 50 loan projects. Professor Yifu Lin, former chief economist and senior vice president of the World Bank wrote the foreword of the book. And he recommends the book as filling the gap of the research field in China’s capacity development under the help of the World Bank. Capacity development usually refers to a dynamic and perfecting process, that the recipient countries’ public sectors allocate and use available resources for promoting the development capacity to achieve the expected goals of economic and social development in a more effective, efficient, appropriate and sustainable way. This book is divided into five parts: the first part is "economic management and system reform", which discusses the experience of capacity development in economic reform, finance, taxation and industry sectors; the second part is "poverty alleviation and rural development", which analyzes the experience of capacity development in poverty alleviation and development, agricultural comprehensive development and rural water supply and environmental sanitation; the third part is "infrastructure", which refines water conservancy and hydropower experience in capacity development of expressways and urban transportation. The fourth part is "human development", which describes the experience of capacity development of basic education and medical health. The fifth part is "environmental protection", summarizing the experience of environmental management and urban water industry capacity development.
The Mexican -- United States border represents much more than the meeting place of two nations. Our border communities are often a line of first defense -- absorbing the complex economic, environmental and social impacts of globalization that ripple through the region. In many ways, our success or failure in finding solutions for the environmental, social and economic issues that plague the region may well define our ability to meet similar challenges thousands of miles from the border zone. Border residents face the environmental security concerns posed by water scarcity and transboundary air pollution; the planning and infrastructure needs of an exploding population; the debilitating effects of inadequate sanitary and health facilities; and the crippling cycle of widespread poverty. Yet, with its manifold problems, the border area remains an area of great dynamism and hope -- a multicultural laboratory of experimentation and grass-roots problem-solving. Indeed, as North America moves towards a more integrated economy, citizen action at the local level is pushing governments to adapt to the driving forces in the border area by creating new institutional arrangements and improving old ones. If there is one defining feature of this ground-up push for more responsive transboundary policies and institutions, it is a departure from the closed, formalistic models of the past to a more open, transparent and participatory model of international interaction.