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In Virginia, when new construction or major reconstruction is planned, the current practice is for a location and design engineer to select the interchange type for a given location. The engineer relies upon projected traffic data, right-of-way needs, environmental concerns, safety, and project costs to determine which interchange configuration will most efficiently serve the needs of a certain area. The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines to aid designers in the preliminary selection of the optimum interchange type at a location. This study will provide engineers a starting point to begin their analyses. It is hoped that the development of these guidelines will result in reduced costs, improved levels of service, and increased uniformity. A number of sources were used to develop the guidelines. A literature and a nationwide survey of state engineers helped determine current methods for interchange selection. These surveys also assisted in determining the relative advantages and disadvantages of the various interchange types. Also, 10 interchanges throughout Virginia were studied in order to find their operational and safety characteristics. Extensive computer simulations of the interchange types were performed in order to determine traffic characteristics that affected operations at the interchanges. Based on all of these sources, some general guidelines for preliminary interchange type selection were created.
The interchange is a new form of transport building which integrates into a single whole various modes of public transport, putting the passenger first (rather than the infrastructure). This book presents design principles for transport interchanges and offers analysis of best practice in the UK and abroad. The author demonstrates how this complex new building type integrates with the city, on the one hand, and with different types of transport on the other. In this integration design in both plan and section are important, as is urban and landscape design. The idea of ‘interchange’ is increasingly relevant as town planners, engineers and architects address the question of sustainable development with its emphasis on energy efficiency, social cohesion, access for the elderly, and urban regeneration.
"This book provides solutions to these challenges, practices and understanding of contemporary theories and empirical analysis for systems engineering in a way that achieves service excellence"--Provided by publisher.
Explore the Art and Science of Geometric DesignThe Geometric Design of Roads Handbook covers the design of the visible elements of the road-its horizontal and vertical alignments, the cross-section, intersections, and interchanges. Good practice allows the smooth and safe flow of traffic as well as easy maintenance. Geometric design is covered in d