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Since the characterization of generators of C0 semigroups was established in the 1940s, semigroups of linear operators and its neighboring areas have developed into an abstract theory that has become a necessary discipline in functional analysis and differential equations. This book presents that theory and its basic applications, and the last two chapters give a connected account of the applications to partial differential equations.
Advanced graduate-level treatment of semigroup theory explores semigroups of linear operators and linear Cauchy problems. The text features challenging exercises and emphasizes motivation, heuristics, and further applications. 1985 edition.
The theory of semigroups of operators is one of the most important themes in modern analysis. Not only does it have great intellectual beauty, but also wide-ranging applications. In this book the author first presents the essential elements of the theory, introducing the notions of semigroup, generator and resolvent, and establishes the key theorems of Hille–Yosida and Lumer–Phillips that give conditions for a linear operator to generate a semigroup. He then presents a mixture of applications and further developments of the theory. This includes a description of how semigroups are used to solve parabolic partial differential equations, applications to Levy and Feller–Markov processes, Koopmanism in relation to dynamical systems, quantum dynamical semigroups, and applications to generalisations of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Along the way the reader encounters several important ideas in modern analysis including Sobolev spaces, pseudo-differential operators and the Nash inequality.
Provides a graduate-level introduction to the theory of semigroups of operators.
The book contains a unitary and systematic presentation of both classical and very recent parts of a fundamental branch of functional analysis: linear semigroup theory with main emphasis on examples and applications. There are several specialized, but quite interesting, topics which didn't find their place into a monograph till now, mainly because they are very new. So, the book, although containing the main parts of the classical theory of Co-semigroups, as the Hille-Yosida theory, includes also several very new results, as for instance those referring to various classes of semigroups such as equicontinuous, compact, differentiable, or analytic, as well as to some nonstandard types of partial differential equations, i.e. elliptic and parabolic systems with dynamic boundary conditions, and linear or semilinear differential equations with distributed (time, spatial) measures. Moreover, some finite-dimensional-like methods for certain semilinear pseudo-parabolic, or hyperbolic equations are also disscussed. Among the most interesting applications covered are not only the standard ones concerning the Laplace equation subject to either Dirichlet, or Neumann boundary conditions, or the Wave, or Klein-Gordon equations, but also those referring to the Maxwell equations, the equations of Linear Thermoelasticity, the equations of Linear Viscoelasticity, to list only a few. Moreover, each chapter contains a set of various problems, all of them completely solved and explained in a special section at the end of the book. The book is primarily addressed to graduate students and researchers in the field, but it would be of interest for both physicists and engineers. It should be emphasised that it is almost self-contained, requiring only a basic course in Functional Analysis and Partial Differential Equations.
Many results, both from semi group theory itself and from the applied sciences, are phrased in discipline-specific languages and hence are hardly known to a broader community. This volume contains a selection of lectures presented at a conference that was organised as a forum for all mathematicians using semi group theory to learn what is happening outside their own field of research. The collection will help to establish a number of new links between various sub-disciplines of semigroup theory, stochastic processes, differential equations and the applied fields. The theory of semigroups of operators is a well-developed branch of functional analysis. Its foundations were laid at the beginning of the 20th century, while the fundamental generation theorem of Hille and Yosida dates back to the forties. The theory was, from the very beginning, designed as a universal language for partial differential equations and stochastic processes, but at the same time it started to live as an independent branch of operator theory. Nowadays, it still has the same distinctive flavour: it develops rapidly by posing new ‘internal’ questions and in answering them, discovering new methods that can be used in applications. On the other hand, it is influenced by questions from PDEs and stochastic processes as well as from applied sciences such as mathematical biology and optimal control, and thus it continually gathers a new momentum. Researchers and postgraduate students working in operator theory, partial differential equations, probability and stochastic processes, analytical methods in biology and other natural sciences, optimization and optimal control will find this volume useful.
The book presents major topics in semigroups, such as operator theory, partial differential equations, harmonic analysis, probability and statistics and classical and quantum mechanics, and applications. Along with a systematic development of the subject, the book emphasises on the explorations of the contact areas and interfaces, supported by the presentations of explicit computations, wherever feasible. Designed into seven chapters and three appendixes, the book targets to the graduate and senior undergraduate students of mathematics, as well as researchers in the respective areas. The book envisages the pre-requisites of a good understanding of real analysis with elements of the theory of measures and integration, and a first course in functional analysis and in the theory of operators. Chapters 4 through 6 contain advanced topics, which have many interesting applications such as the Feynman–Kac formula, the central limit theorem and the construction of Markov semigroups. Many examples have been given in each chapter, partly to initiate and motivate the theory developed and partly to underscore the applications. The choice of topics in this vastly developed book is a difficult one, and the authors have made an effort to stay closer to applications instead of bringing in too many abstract concepts.
This research monograph deals with nonlinear evolution operators and semigroups generated by dissipative (accretive), possibly multivalued operators, as well as with the application of this theory to partial differential equations. It shows that a large class of PDE's can be studied via the semigroup approach. This theory is not available otherwise in the self-contained form provided by these Notes and moreover a considerable part of the results, proofs and methods are not to be found in other books. The exponential formula of Crandall and Liggett, some simple estimates due to Kobayashi and others, the characterization of compact semigroups due to Brézis, the proof of a fundamental property due to Ursescu and the author and some applications to PDE are of particular interest. Assuming only basic knowledge of functional analysis, the book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in nonlinear analysis and PDE, and to mathematical physicists.