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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx" that was published in Catalysts
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This book offers a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments in both total oxidation and combustion and also in selective oxidation. For each topic, fundamental aspects are paralleled with industrial applications. The book covers oxidation catalysis, one of the major areas of industrial chemistry, outlining recent achievements, current challenges and future opportunities. One distinguishing feature of the book is the selection of arguments which are emblematic of current trends in the chemical industry, such as miniaturization, use of alternative, greener oxidants, and innovative systems for pollutant abatement. Topics outlined are described in terms of both catalyst and reaction chemistry, and also reactor and process technology.
As in the study of transition metal complexes in solution, molecular spectroscopic methods - principally the infrared, ultraviolet/visible and electron spin resonance spectroscopies - have played key roles in establishing the concepts of coordination chemistry occurring at the surfaces of solids. This book describes the development of the principals of coordination chemistry of oxide surfaces using analyses of data obtained by these methods. The nature, properties, concentration of the surface adsorption centers and their influence on the character of interaction with different molecules are investigated. The book commences with an account of the basic theoretical principles and experimental techniques of the various spectroscopy methods, with special attention devoted to in situ measurements where the oxide or catalyst sample is in contact with the adsorbate or the reactant. A detailed account is presented of the methods for characterizing the oxidation state and degree of coordination of surface cations and oxygen anions by the adsorption of probe molecules. The complexation of many inorganic, organometallic and organic molecules with different oxide systems is critically examined, and a classification of formed surface compounds, based on the interaction with definite type of adsorption centers, is given. Possible mechanisms of numerous catalytic reactions, including the transformation of organic molecules over acidic catalysts via the carboionic mechanism, are discussed using the spectroscopic identifications of reaction intermediates. A comprehensive analysis of the literature on the interpretation of the spectra of surface compounds on oxides is presented. This highly illustrated and extensively referenced volume is intended for specialists working in the fields of surface physical chemistry, surface and materials sciences, and adsorption phenomena and is essential reading for those involved in the heterogeneous catalysis by transition metal-oxides.
In the climate change discussion, non-CO2 greenhouse gases (NCGGs) received official political recognition for the first time in 1997, when agreement was reached on the Kyoto Protocol. As a result methane, nitrous oxide, HFCs, PFCs and SF6 now provide attractive options for detailing the national targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions meant to control climate change. This book is the second volume in this area and addresses three main topics. Firstly, it documents progress with respect to our knowledge of the sources and sinks of NCGGs. Information on this subject is essential in order to reduce the uncertainties in national emissions inventories which serve as the reference values for commitments of countries in the framework of the Kyoto Protocol. Secondly, this volume deals with the control options for the NCGGs and contains a wealth of information in this area. Emerging technologies here provide business opportunities, in particular in connection with the flexible mechanisms for mitigation projects in developing countries which have been agreed in Kyoto. Thirdly, the book treats the policy implementation of mitigation options for greenhouse gas emissions. Tools for control policies, both on the national and international level, and for different sectors of industry are discussed. National integrated approaches, including the ones from the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Netherlands Ministry of Environment which both sponsored the conference, provide guidance for defining the most effective greenhouse gases mitigation plans in different situations. This volume is being published in support of the IPCC Process and will serve as a reference for IPCC's Third Assessment Report.
Volume 1 covers the most important technological aspects of the use of molecular oxygen for catalytic oxidation reactions.Volume 2 addresses the safety issues associated with the use of oxygen in catalytic oxidation reactions.Contents Vol. 1: 1. Introduction. 2. Chemical-physical properties of molecular oxygen. 3. Oxygen production technologies. 4. Chemical fundamentals of oxidation reactions. 5. Reactor technologies for multiphase systems. 6. Liquid phase oxidations. 7. Gas phase selective oxidations. 8. Selective oxidation of paraffins. References. Index. Vol. 2: 9. Introduction to safety problems in the chemical industry. 10. Chemical aspects of combustion in the gaseous phase. 11. Homogeneous chemical explosions: autoignition or spontaneous ignition. 12. Deflagration or propagation of flame. 13. Conditions governing flame propagation capability. 14. Detonation in the gaseous phase. 15. Prevention of and protection against explosions. References. Index.
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Over the past twenty years, Catalysis by Heteropolyacids (HPAs) has received wide attention and led to new and promising developments both at academic and industrial level. In particular, heterogeneous catalysis is particularly attractive because it generally satisfies most of green chemistry’s requirements. By emphasizing the development of third generation catalysts, this volume presents trends and opportunities in academic and industrial research. The book appeals to postgraduates, researchers, and chemists working in the field of environmentally benign catalysts as well as catalytic processes.
Metal Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis is an overview of the past, present and future of heterogeneous catalysis using metal oxides catalysts. The book presents the historical, theoretical, and practical aspects of metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis. Metal Oxides in Heterogeneous Catalysis deals with fundamental information on heterogeneous catalysis, including reaction mechanisms and kinetics approaches.There is also a focus on the classification of metal oxides used as catalysts, preparation methods and touches on zeolites, mesoporous materials and Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in catalysis. It will touch on acid or base-type reactions, selective (partial) and total oxidation reactions, and enzymatic type reactions The book also touches heavily on the biomass applications of metal oxide catalysts and environmentally related/depollution reactions such as COVs elimination, DeNOx, and DeSOx. Finally, the book also deals with future trends and prospects in metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis. - Presents case studies in each chapter that provide a focus on the industrial applications - Includes fundamentals, key theories and practical applications of metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysis in one comprehensive resource - Edited, and contributed, by leading experts who provide perspectives on synthesis, characterization and applications