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This work examines scholarly misconduct in all its forms, from research fraud to forensic misconduct. Taking each type of misconduct in turn, the book details and analyses notorious cases, and court and disciplinary tribunal case law from around the world, looking specifically at the legal and regulatory responses that were evoked in each instance.
A clear-eyed examination of research misconduct, and how efforts to expose and prevent it affect scientists and universities
To maintain the quality of education, integrity and honesty must be upheld by students and teachers in learning environments. The prevention of cheating is a prime factor in this endeavor. The Handbook of Research on Academic Misconduct in Higher Education is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly material on the implementation of policies and practices to inhibit cheating behaviors in academic settings. Highlighting emerging pedagogies, empirical-based evidence, and future directions, this book is ideally designed for professionals, practitioners, educators, school administrators, and researchers interested in preventing academic dishonesty.
This book offers a scientific whistleblower’s perspective on current implementation of federal research misconduct regulations. It provides a narrative of general interest that relates current cases of research ethics to philosophical, historical and sociological accounts of fraud in scientific research. The evidence presented suggests that the problems of falsification and fabrication remain as great as ever, but hidden because the current system puts universities in charge of investigations and permits them to use confidentiality regulations to hide the outcomes of investigations. The book documents the significant conflict of interest that arises because federal regulation gives universities the responsibility to conduct investigations of their own faculty with severely limited oversight. The book is intended for young research scientists or anyone who wishes to understand the challenges faced by scientists in the workplace today. The central thread in the book is an exclusive account of an experienced research scientist who was the first to expose the facts that led to the longest running research misconduct investigation in the history of the National Science Foundation.
This book discusses the issue of academic misconduct and publication ethics in general and plagiarism in particular, with a focus on case studies in various universities around the world (notably in Japan, Singapore, Australia, USA, and Canada). We are especially interested in students’ and teachers’ perception of academic misconduct and their definition and understanding of plagiarism. Most chapters discuss undergraduates’ understanding of academic dishonesty and students’ experiences using plagiarism softwares. The book also analyzes teachers’ perception of cheating and how they respond to it. Writing is perceived by all of the teachers to be the most important form of assessment that required preventative measures in order to reduce the occurrence of academic dishonesty among students. Each chapter recommends strategies to fight plagiarism, such as establishing guidelines and regulations concerning academic integrity, awareness of the scale of the issue (scandals at all levels in most countries, even including famous scholars, administrators, and elected officials), assessing the damage done to academic reputation and credibility, developing trust and credibility on social media (especially with the recent disturbing growth of fake news and data), minimizing the proliferation of dishonest accreditation, of identity theft, of fake peer-reviews, and fighting the growing number of fake papers, with or without the use of computer-generated academic works.
The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
How the increasing reliance on metrics to evaluate scholarly publications has produced new forms of academic fraud and misconduct. The traditional academic imperative to “publish or perish” is increasingly coupled with the newer necessity of “impact or perish”—the requirement that a publication have “impact,” as measured by a variety of metrics, including citations, views, and downloads. Gaming the Metrics examines how the increasing reliance on metrics to evaluate scholarly publications has produced radically new forms of academic fraud and misconduct. The contributors show that the metrics-based “audit culture” has changed the ecology of research, fostering the gaming and manipulation of quantitative indicators, which lead to the invention of such novel forms of misconduct as citation rings and variously rigged peer reviews. The chapters, written by both scholars and those in the trenches of academic publication, provide a map of academic fraud and misconduct today. They consider such topics as the shortcomings of metrics, the gaming of impact factors, the emergence of so-called predatory journals, the “salami slicing” of scientific findings, the rigging of global university rankings, and the creation of new watchdogs and forensic practices.
This book explores the subject of research misconduct: its definition, what behaviours should fall under its label, and the types of preventive and repressive procedures that should be put to practice to combat it. Adopting a criminological perspective, Faria views research misconduct as a locus of analysis for corporate and white-collar crime. Based upon an empirical study involving in-depth interviews and documentary analysis, this original research offers an interesting approach to an age-old problem which is growing ever more important. The commodification of research – together with perceived risks of research misconduct – is opening the way to ambiguous and ineffective forms of social control over scholars, affecting their commitment to research integrity and the responsible conduct of research. Despite this, however, little consensus around the phenomenon exists. Seeking to counter this, Faria opens up the discussion on the potential social harms arising from the current state of affairs, and argues that that criminology should task itself with understanding and researching the pressing topic of research misconduct, including fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism, as well as questionable research practices.
Now in its fourth edition, Fraud and Misconduct in Biomedical Research boasts an impressive list of contributors from around the globe and introduces a new focus for the book, transforming it from a series of monographs into a publication that will quickly become an essential textbook on all areas of research fraud and misconduct.Key features inclu
Practical and insightful solutions to the growing problem of academic dishonesty In Cheating Academic Integrity: Lessons from 30 Years of Research, a team of renowned academic integrity experts delivers revealing and practicing insights into the causes of—and solutions to—academic cheating by students. This edited volume combines leading research from an interdisciplinary group of scholars, offering readers an overview of the most important topics and trends in academic integrity research. The book focuses on teaching, classrooms, and faculty behavior and offers a glimpse into the future of this rapidly developing field. Readers will also find: Discussions of the newest forms of cheating, including online “contract cheating” and “paper mills” and the methods used to combat them Explorations of the prevalence of cheating and plagiarism between 1990 and 2020 Psychological perspectives on the student motivations underlying academic integrity violations Teaching and learning approaches to reduce academic misconduct in both online and in-person courses A must-read resource for administrators, leaders, and policymakers involved with higher education, Cheating Academic Integrity also belongs on the bookshelves of school administrators-in-training and others preparing for a career in education.