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See those animal signs on the trail? Was that footprint left by a fox or a wolf? Was that pile of droppings deposited by a moose, a mouse, or a marten? Scats and Tracks of the Pacific Coast will help you determine which mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians have passed your way and could still be nearby. Clearly written descriptions and illustrations of scats, tracks, and gait patterns will help you recognize seventy Pacific Coast species. An identification key, a glossary of tracking terms, and detailed instructions on how to document your finds are also included here. Easy-to-use scat and track measurements appear on each page, making this book especially field friendly and letting you know if a white tailed ptarmigan, a red fox, or even a black bear has been your way.
This guide helps readers figure out what they are looking at with superb illustrations and informative text.
Here are twenty wilderness hikes within twenty miles of downtown Portland, Oregon, less than a half hour's ride from the city. Adventurers at all skill levels will be surprised by the remoteness and remarkable beauty of these easy woodland escapes. Just take this pocket-sized companion and slip down a hidden trail to emerge on vistas with eagles soaring overhead. There are shorter walks suitable for kids, like the McCarthy Creek Loop, and rugged routes for the ambitious, like the Fire Lane 12 loop. Each hike description includes a map, bus access, basic conditions, length, and grade, as well as flora, fauna, geology, and local history. Half the trails explore lesser-known wooded hillsides in Forest Park. Others venture farther north in the Tualatin Mountains into rarely described prime Oregon hiking country. A devoted advocate for Portland's wilderness areas, James D. Thayer has surveyed most of the publicly accessible walking routes along the Tualatin Mountains from Forest Park to Scappoose and nearly to the Oregon coast-on foot.
The school-based control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections is of proven cost-effectiveness. This book describes an approach in which epidemiological data are used to select the control strategy to be applied to the school-age population and shows how periodic data collection from sentinel sites can be used to monitor the progress of control activities. This book is intended to help managers plan, implement, and monitor programs for deworming school-age children using methods based on the best current evidence and experience. Nine examples from existing school health programs are presented to illustrate specific aspects of deworming intervention. This revised edition incorporates more recent experiences and lessons learned from school-based control programs in several countries not previously reported. It also includes references to web sites where useful information is available.
From winter whale watching to autumn seabirding, The Northwest Nature Guide offers more than 170 best bets for wildlife adventures throughout Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia—as well as your own backyard. With contagious enthusiasm and irrepressible humor, James Luther Davis shares his insider tips, helpful maps, and experience to guarantee readers know where they need to go to see nature at its peak every month of the year. Whatever the season and no matter the weather, Davis entices nature lovers of all ages to discover what they might otherwise miss. The intrepid may find the three-toed woodpecker or even Sasquatch. The inquisitive will learn why auks fly but penguins don't. Everyone will discover outdoor adventures that revitalize, inspire, and renew their appreciation for nature. Whether it's tidepooling by the shore, newt pursuit in the woods, or trailing bighorn sheep in the mountains, this practical guide helps make the most of every fresh-air opportunity.
Abstract: The micro method of hematocrit is rapidly replacing red cell counts in clinical hematology. Observations were made on the value of this method in routine hematological examination of trouts. Under the conditions of data collection, the normal hematocrit values for brook trout were 45 to 50, for brown trout 39 to 44, and for rainbow trout 45 to 53. There was a close correlation between the hematocrits, red cell counts and hemoglobin. The commercial heparinized capillaries, while excellent for human blood, tend to give somewhat higher readings (7 to 18 percent) with trout, due to incomplete prevention of blood coagulation. The procedure as applied to trout is described in detail.
The importance of salmon to the Pacific Northwestâ€"economic, recreational, symbolicâ€"is enormous. Generations ago, salmon were abundant from central California through Idaho, Oregon, and Washington to British Columbia and Alaska. Now they have disappeared from about 40 percent of their historical range. The decline in salmon numbers has been lamented for at least 100 years, but the issue has become more widespread and acute recently. The Endangered Species Act has been invoked, federal laws have been passed, and lawsuits have been filed. More than $1 billion has been spent to improve salmon runsâ€"and still the populations decline. In this new volume a committee with diverse expertise explores the complications and conflicts surrounding the salmon problemâ€"starting with available data on the status of salmon populations and an illustrative case study from Washington state's Willapa Bay. The book offers specific recommendations for salmon rehabilitation that take into account the key role played by genetic variability in salmon survival and the urgent need for habitat protection and management of fishing. The committee presents a comprehensive discussion of the salmon problem, with a wealth of informative graphs and charts and the right amount of historical perspective to clarify today's issues, including: Salmon biology and geographyâ€"their life's journey from fresh waters to the sea and back again to spawn, and their interaction with ecosystems along the way. The impacts of human activitiesâ€"grazing, damming, timber, agriculture, and population and economic growth. Included is a case study of Washington state's Elwha River dam removal project. Values, attitudes, and the conflicting desires for short-term economic gain and long-term environmental health. The committee traces the roots of the salmon problem to the extractive philosophy characterizing management of land and water in the West. The impact of hatcheries, which were introduced to build fish stocks but which have actually harmed the genetic variability that wild stocks need to survive. This book offers something for everyone with an interest in the salmon issueâ€"policymakers and regulators in the United States and Canada; environmental scientists; environmental advocates; natural resource managers; commercial, tribal, and recreational fishers; and concerned residents of the Pacific Northwest.