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Sandwich panels are being used increasingly as the cladding of buildings like factories, warehouses, cold stores and retail sheds. This is because they are light in weight, thermally efficient, aesthetically attractive and can be easily handled and erected. However, to date, an authoritative book on the subject was lacking. This new reference work aims to fill that gap. The designer, specifier and manufacturer of sandwich panels all require a great deal of information on a wide range of subjects. This book was written by a group of European experts under the editorship of a UK specialist in lightweight construction. It provides guidance on: * materials used in manufacture * thermal efficiency and air- and water-tightness * acoustic performance * performance in fire * durability * special problems of sandwich panels in cold stores and chill rooms * architectural and aesthetic considerations * structural design at the ultimate and serviceability limit states * additional structural considerations including fastenings, the effect of openings and the use of sandwich panels as load-bearing walls * test procedures The book concludes with some numerical design examples and is highly illustrated throughout.
Sandwich structures represent a special form of a laminated composite material or structural elements, where a relatively thick, lightweight and compliant core material separates thin stiff and strong face sheets. The faces are usually made of laminated polymeric based composite materials, and typically, the core can be a honeycomb type material, a polymeric foam or balsa wood. The faces and the core are joined by adhesive bonding, which ensures the load transfer between the sandwich constituent parts. The result is a special laminate with very high bending stiffness and strength to weight ratios. Sandwich structures are being used successfully for a variety of applications such as spacecraft, aircraft, train and car structures, wind turbine blades, boat/ship superstructures, boat/ship hulls and many others. The overall objective of the 7th International Conference on Sandwich Structures (ICSS-7) is to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest research and technology on all aspects of sandwich structures and materials, spanning the entire spectrum of research to applications in all the fields listed above.
The Behavior of Sandwich Structures of Isotropic and Composite Materials presents the mathematics, descriptions, and analytical techniques in the growing field of sandwich structures. From a background in sandwich structures to thermoelastic problems of sandwich structures and sandwich shell theory, the book provides the knowledge needed to analyze, design, and optimize various sandwich structures. As one would expect from a book on sandwich structures, this volume discusses special failure modes such as face wrinkling and core shear instability. Coverage includes not only honeycomb cores, but also foam, web, and truss cores. An important topic in composite structure design, optimization is explored in two chapters on sandwich plates and sandwich shells. The author presents the optimization techniques in closed form and the methods are applicable to material selection and geometric design. The book also contains a set of problems and references at the end of each chapter. This text is ideal for engineers-in-training, as well as practical engineers who desire a comprehensive understanding of sandwich structures technology.
Sandwich Structural Composites: Theory and Practice offers a comprehensive coverage of sandwich structural composites. It describes the structure, properties, characterization, and testing of raw materials. In addition, it discusses design and process methods, applications and damage assessments of sandwich structural composites. The book: Offers a review of current sandwich composite lamination processes and manufacturing methods Introduces raw materials, including core materials, skin reinforcements, resin substrates and adhesives Discusses sandwich structure characterization, finite element analysis of the structures, and product design and optimization Describes benefits other than structural, including acoustic, thermal, and fire Details applications in various industries, including aerospace, wind energy, marine ships, recreational boats and vehicles, sport equipment, building construction, and extreme temperature applications The book will be of benefit to industrial practitioners, researchers, academic faculty, and advanced students in materials and mechanical engineering and related disciplines looking to advance their understanding of these increasingly important materials.
The main advantages of sandwiches as structural components are now well known and well-established. Due to the progress in polymer science and engineering and advances in manufacturing processes, sandwich structures can blend various functional and structural properties and therefore lead to highly innovating systems. The current difficulty to overcome is to provide designers with proper methodologies and tools that could enable them to design improved sandwich structures. Such dedicated design tools should be efficient, reliable, flexible and user-friendly. They should be based on advanced knowledge of sandwich behaviour at global and local scales. Such approach relies on our capability to test, identify, control and model structure performances. The impressive variety of core and face materials and the rapid developments in forming processes give new opportunities to design components which have more complex shapes and higher integrated functional and structural properties. Interest in sandwiches is permanently growing in industry and refined testing and modelling approaches should be encouraged to set up relevant guidelines to design reliable advanced structures. The European Society for Mechanics sponsored the EUROMECH 360 Colloquium on the 'Mechanics of Sandwich Structures' in Saint-Etienne, France, on 13 - 15 May 1997. The main purpose of EUROMECH 360 was to go into the most recent progresses in sandwich analysis and design, including mechanical modelling and testing. It was expected that the Colloquium should contribute to define new research directions to support development of advanced applications in strategic industrial sectors such as ground transportations or building and civil engineering.
"Structural and Failure Mechanics of Sandwich Composites" by Leif A. Carlsson and George A. Kardomateas focuses on some important deformation and failure modes of sandwich panels such as global buckling, wrinkling and local instabilities, and face/core debonding. The book also provides the mechanics background necessary for understanding deformation and failure mechanisms in sandwich panels and the response of sandwich structural parts to a variety of loadings. Specifically, first-order and high-order sandwich panel theories, and three-dimensional elasticity solutions for the structural behavior outlined in some detail. Elasticity analysis can serve as a benchmark for judging the accuracy of simplified sandwich plate, shell and beam theories. Furthermore, the book reviews test methods developed for the characterization of the constituent face and core materials, and sandwich beams and plates. The characterization of face/core debonding is a major topic of this text, and analysis methods based on fracture mechanics are described and applied to several contemporary test specimens. Test methods and results documented in the literature are included and discussed. The book will benefit structural and materials engineers and researchers with the desire to learn more about structural behavior, failure mechanisms, fracture mechanics and damage tolerance of sandwich structures.
Plates and panels are primary components in many structures including space vehicles, aircraft, automobiles, buildings, bridge decks, ships and submarines. The ability to design, analyse, optimise and select the proper materials for these structures is a necessity for structural designers, analysts and researchers. This text consists of four parts. The first deals with plates of isotropic (metallic and polymeric) materials. The second involves composite material plates, including anisotropy and laminate considerations. The third section treats sandwich constructions of various types, and the final section gives an introduction to plates involving piezoelectric materials, in which the "smart" or "intelligent" materials are used as actuators or sensors. In each section, the formulations encompass plate structures subjected to static loads, dynamic loads, buckling, thermal/moisture environments, and minimum weight structural optimisation. This is a textbook for a graduate course, an undergraduate senior course and a reference. Many homework problems are given in various chapters.