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In the wake of the financial crises of the late 1990s, there was a surge of interest in the systematic assessment of financial sectors, with a view to identifying vulnerabilities and evaluating the sector's developmental needs. Consequently, there has been an increased demand from financial sector authorities in many countries for information on key issues and sound practices in the assessment of financial systems and the appropriate design of policy responses. In response, Financial Sector Assessmsnet presents a general analytical framework and broad guidance on approaches, methodologies and key techniques for assessing the stability and development needs of financial systems. It synthesizes current global sound practices in financial sector assessment.
This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations made in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for the Russian Federation in the area of macroprudential policy. Financial stability oversight responsibilities are currently shared between the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) and the high-level interagency National Council on Ensuring Financial Stability. In recent years, the CBR has used a number of macroprudential tools to deal with risks, mainly those stemming from retail lending. The CBR has tightened provisioning requirements and increased capital risk weights to curb excessive growth of unsecured consumer lending, which has helped banks better handle credit risk that materialized. However, the CBR law should be amended to provide for a more comprehensive set of macroprudential tools.
This Technical Note discusses the results of the stress testing carried out as part of the 2016 Financial Sector Assessment Program for the Russian Federation. The stress tests focused on banks, reflecting the structure of the Russian financial sector, which is relatively small and bank dominated. The results showed that the banking system is likely to need additional capital. Even in the baseline scenario, certain banks will need new capital owing to low profitability and increasing credit losses. The required resources are higher in the stress scenarios, but remain manageable. If public funds are needed for recapitalization, there is sufficient fiscal space, provided that fiscal policy remains prudent.
The past five years have seen an expansion of the scope of FSAPs to assess countries' macroprudential policy (MaPP) frameworks. This note documents this increase and offers some suggestions on how the treatment of MaPP issues in FSAPs can be further strengthened and better integrated into the overall financial stability assessment.
This Technical Note discusses the results of the stress testing carried out as part of the 2016 Financial Sector Assessment Program for the Russian Federation. The stress tests focused on banks, reflecting the structure of the Russian financial sector, which is relatively small and bank dominated. The results showed that the banking system is likely to need additional capital. Even in the baseline scenario, certain banks will need new capital owing to low profitability and increasing credit losses. The required resources are higher in the stress scenarios, but remain manageable. If public funds are needed for recapitalization, there is sufficient fiscal space, provided that fiscal policy remains prudent.
This Technical Note discusses the findings and recommendations made in the Financial Sector Assessment Program for the Russian Federation in the areas of bank resolution and a crisis management framework. The findings reveal that the experiences of past financial crises have strengthened the Russian bank resolution framework. The resolution framework has been effective in preserving financial stability. Since January 2014, 28 banks have been placed in open bank resolution, and three were resolved by purchase and assumption transactions. The effectiveness of bank resolution could be improved. Introduction of the full range of resolution powers and safeguards recommended by the Financial Stability Board Key Attributes would improve the framework’s effectiveness.
In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
The second edition of the Impact Evaluation in Practice handbook is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to impact evaluation for policy makers and development practitioners. First published in 2011, it has been used widely across the development and academic communities. The book incorporates real-world examples to present practical guidelines for designing and implementing impact evaluations. Readers will gain an understanding of impact evaluations and the best ways to use them to design evidence-based policies and programs. The updated version covers the newest techniques for evaluating programs and includes state-of-the-art implementation advice, as well as an expanded set of examples and case studies that draw on recent development challenges. It also includes new material on research ethics and partnerships to conduct impact evaluation. The handbook is divided into four sections: Part One discusses what to evaluate and why; Part Two presents the main impact evaluation methods; Part Three addresses how to manage impact evaluations; Part Four reviews impact evaluation sampling and data collection. Case studies illustrate different applications of impact evaluations. The book links to complementary instructional material available online, including an applied case as well as questions and answers. The updated second edition will be a valuable resource for the international development community, universities, and policy makers looking to build better evidence around what works in development.
This paper discusses key findings of the Financial System Stability Assessment of Russian Federation. The Russian banking system is weak and likely to need additional capital. Even in the baseline scenario, certain banks will need new capital owing to low profitability and increasing credit losses. The required resources increase in the stress scenarios, but remain manageable. Bank regulation and supervision have greatly improved in recent years, but there is more to be done. Key areas for improvement include related party lending, country and transfer risks, operational risks, and supervisory interactions with external auditors. In addition, the implementation of risk-based supervision is also in progress.