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A majority of white immigrants to the American Colonies south of New England-and nearly all the Africans-arrived in some form of servitude, either as indentured servants or slaves. Colonial newspapers often published notices seeking the return of runaway
This volume consists of abstracts of genealogical data from four of New York's earliest newspapers--the New-York Gazette (1726-1744) and the New-York Weekly Journal (1733-1751), the two earliest city papers, and the New-York Mercury and the Weekly Mercury (1752-1783). These newspapers were originally produced as weeklies and usually consisted of four pages, with occasional supplementary issues. Their subject matter encompassed essays, treatises, parliamentary proceedings, governors' messages, European and West Indian news, shipping news, incidents culled from other newspapers, and many advertisements. In this volume of abstracts may be found items yielding information concerning marriage, birth, death, age, status, place of residence, and place of origin, covering, in all, the years 1726 through most of 1783. Treatment is not confined to New York, for among individuals mentioned are those from all the other colonies, especially New Jersey (which had no newspaper in the colonial period), New England, Pennsylvania, and Maryland. Clearfield's reprint edition, which appeared serially in "The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record" between 1964 and 1976, has been reprinted by kind permission of the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, with the addition of an introduction and an index containing the names of some 10,000 persons.
Eat, Drink, Be Merry and Join the Revolution New Jersey was the "Crossraods of the American Revolution," and its colonial taverns were havens for Patriots and Loyalists alike to debate the political question of independce and even plan much of the Revolution itself. Taverns were the social and political centers of colonial society and the Garden State had a myriad of establishments that played prominent roles in the founding of the nation. Taverns became recruitment stations for colonial militias and provided a meeting place for local committees of safety. George Washington used them as headquarters and safe houses for his spies and local troops. Discover the intoxicating history of the unheardled driving force in the fight for freedom, the colonial tavern in New Jersey.
First Published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Scientist, abolitionist, revolutionary: that is the Benjamin Franklin we know and celebrate. To this description, the talented young historian David Waldstreicher shows we must add runaway, slave master, and empire builder. But Runaway America does much more than revise our image of a beloved founding father. Finding slavery at the center of Franklin's life, Waldstreicher proves it was likewise central to the Revolution, America's founding, and the very notion of freedom we associate with both. Franklin was the sole Founding Father who was once owned by someone else and was among the few to derive his fortune from slavery. As an indentured servant, Franklin fled his master before his term was complete; as a struggling printer, he built a financial empire selling newspapers that not only advertised the goods of a slave economy (not to mention slaves) but also ran the notices that led to the recapture of runaway servants. Perhaps Waldstreicher's greatest achievement is in showing that this was not an ironic outcome but a calculated one. America's freedom, no less than Franklin's, demanded that others forgo liberty. Through the life of Franklin, Runaway America provides an original explanation to the paradox of American slavery and freedom.
Dutch and English settlers brought the first enslaved people to New Jersey in the seventeenth century. By the time of the Revolutionary War, slavery was an established practice on labor-intensive farms throughout what became known as the Garden State. The progenitor of the influential Morris family, Lewis Morris, brought Barbadian slaves to toil on his estate of Tinton Manor in Monmouth County. Colonel Tye, an escaped slave from Shrewsbury, joined the British Ethiopian Regiment during the Revolutionary War and led raids throughout the towns and villages near his former home. Charles Reeves and Hannah Van Clief married soon after their emancipation in 1850 and became prominent citizens of Lincroft, as did their next four generations. Author Rick Geffken reveals stories from New Jersey's dark history of slavery.
The dispossessed people of Colonial America included thousands of servants who either voluntarily or involuntarily ended up serving as agricultural, domestic, skilled, and unskilled laborers in the northern, middle, and southern British American colonies as well as British Caribbean colonies. Thousands of people arrived in the British-American colonies as indentured servants, transported felons, and kidnapped children forced into bound labor. Others already in America, such as Indians, freedmen, and poor whites, placed themselves into the service of others for food, clothing, shelter, and security; poverty in colonial America was relentless, and servitude was the voluntary and involuntary means by which the poor adapted, or tried to adapt, to miserable conditions. From the 1600s to the 1700s, Blacks, Indians, Europeans, Englishmen, children, and adults alike were indentured, apprenticed, transported as felons, kidnapped, or served as redemptioners. Though servitude was more multiracial and multicultural than slavery, involving people from numerous racial and ethnic backgrounds, far fewer books have been written about it. This fascinating new study of servitude in colonial America provides the first complete overview of the varied lives of the dispossessed in 17th- and 18th-century America, examining colonial American servitude in all of its forms.
This book was designed as a collaborative effort to satisfy a long-felt need to pull together many important but separate inquiries into the nature and impact of inequality in colonial and revolutionary America. It also honors the scholarship of Gary Nash, who has contributed much of the leading work in this field. The 15 contributors, who constitute a Who's Who of those who have made important discoveries and reinterpretations of this issue, include Mary Beth Norton on women's legal inequality in early America; Neal Salisbury on Puritan missionaries and Native Americans; Laurel Thatcher Ulrich on elite and poor women's work in early Boston; Peter Wood and Philip Morgan on early American slavery; as well as Gary Nash himself writing on Indian/white history. This book is a vital contribution to American self-understanding and to historical analysis.