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This book presents what in our opinion constitutes the basis of the theory of the mu-calculus, considered as an algebraic system rather than a logic. We have wished to present the subject in a unified way, and in a form as general as possible. Therefore, our emphasis is on the generality of the fixed-point notation, and on the connections between mu-calculus, games, and automata, which we also explain in an algebraic way. This book should be accessible for graduate or advanced undergraduate students both in mathematics and computer science. We have designed this book especially for researchers and students interested in logic in computer science, comuter aided verification, and general aspects of automata theory. We have aimed at gathering in a single place the fundamental results of the theory, that are currently very scattered in the literature, and often hardly accessible for interested readers. The presentation is self-contained, except for the proof of the Mc-Naughton's Determinization Theorem (see, e.g., [97]. However, we suppose that the reader is already familiar with some basic automata theory and universal algebra. The references, credits, and suggestions for further reading are given at the end of each chapter.
This two-volume work brings together a comprehensive selection of mathematical works from the period 1707-1930. During this time the foundations of modern mathematics were laid, and From Kant to Hilbert provides an overview of the foundational work in each of the main branches of mathmeatics with narratives showing how they were linked. Now available as a separate volume.
This book takes the unique approach of examining number theory as it emerged in the 17th through 19th centuries. It leads to an understanding of today's research problems on the basis of their historical development. This book is a contribution to cultural history and brings a difficult subject within the reach of the serious reader.
This third volume continues Richard Routley's explorations of an improved Meinongian account of non-referring and intensional discourse (including joint work with Val Routley, later Val Plumwood). It focuses on the essays 8 to 12 of the original monograph, Exploring Meinong's Jungle and Beyond, following on from the material of the first two volumes and further explores aspects and implications of the Noneist position. It begins with a discussion of the value of nonexistent objects championed by noneism, especially as regards theories of perception, universals, value theory and a commonsense account of belief. It continues with: a detailed analysis of what it means to exist; the importance of nonexistent objects to adequate accounts of mathematics and the theoretical sciences; and an account of noneisms' distinctiveness from other accounts of nonexistent objects. These essays are supplemented with scholarly essays from Naoya Fujikawa, and Maureen Eckert and Charlie Donahue.
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First published in 1968. First available in 1877, this volume looks at how academic study, methods and customs in Oxford and Cambridge universities were conducted in the eighteenth century. Using memoirs, miscellaneous publications as well as educational resources and manuscripts it looks at the history and method of the old Cambridge test and examination for the Arts and Mathematics, the study of grammar, logic and rhetoric and the Classics and Moral Philosophy. Another section looks at elements of professional education- of that of Law at Oxford and Modern History, as well as Oriental Studies, Religion and elementary Physician education on physics, anatomy, chemistry, mineralogy and botany.
1. ‘Skill in Mathematics’ series is prepared for JEE Main and Advanced papers 2. It is a highly recommended textbook to develop a strong grounding in Algebra 3. The book covers the entire syllabus into 11 chapters 4. Each chapter includes a wide range of questions that are asked in the examinations Good foundational grip is required in the Algebraic Methods, while you are preparing for JEE Mains & Advanced or any other engineering. Bringing up the series “Skills in Mathematics for JEE Main & Advanced for Algebra” that is carefully revised with the sessionwise theory and exercise; to help candidates to learn & tackle the mathematical problems. The book has 11 Chapters covering the whole syllabus for the JEE Mains and Advanced as prescribed. Each chapter is divided into sessions giving complete clarity to concepts. Apart from sessionwise theory, JEE Type examples and Chapter Exercise contain a huge amount of questions that are provided in every chapter under Practice Part. Prepared under great expertise, it is a highly recommended textbook to develop a strong grounding in Algebra to perform best in JEE and various engineering entrances. TOC: Complex Numbers, Theory of Equations, Sequences and Series, Logarithms and Their Properties, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorems, Determinants, Matrices, Probability, Mathematical Inductions, Sets, Relations and Functions.