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Provisioning of rich routing building blocks to mobile ad-hoc networking applications has been of high interest. Several multi-hop wireless network applications need flexibility in describing paths their traffic will follow. To accommodate this need, previous work has proposed several viable routing schemes such as Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Trajectory-Based Routing (TBR). However, tradeoffs involved in the interaction of these routing schemes and the application-specific requirements or constraints have not been explored. Particularly, techniques to help the application to do the right routing choices based on a desired metric are much needed. Depending on the application's goals, routing choices should be steered for different metrics rather than the traditional notion of shortest-path in terms of distance. For instance, obstacle or hostility avoidance would require "accurate" paths, end-to-end traffic engineering/balancing would require "minimum utilization" paths, low delay routing for multimedia traffic would require "short distance" paths, and, finally, low loss routing for reliable end-to-end transfers would require "minimum congestion" paths. Our focus in this dissertation is the "accuracy" of paths. First, we consider techniques that minimize routing protocol state costs under application-based constraints. We study the constraint of "accuracy" of the application's desired route, as this constraint provides a range of choices to the applications. As a crucial part of this optimization framework, we investigate the tradeoff between the packet header size and the network state. We, then, apply our framework to the case of TBR with application-based accuracy constraints in obeying a given trajectory and show that approximating trajectories under such accuracy constraints is NP-hard. We develop heuristics solving this problem and illustrate their performance. Second, we take our TBR framework to a more general solution by adding automated trajectory generator and end-to-end traffic engineering support. We focus on the context of multi-hop wireless protocols for which application-specific needs are emphasized along with a highly dynamic underlying network environment. We propose a framework supporting a standardized way of interfacing between the network routing and the wireless applications. We use this framework to develop a roadmap-based trajectory planning scheme to engineer the end-to-end traffic over multi-hop wireless networks. We illustrate how our roadmap-based approach can automate the process of planning/selecting the trajectories so that better balancing of the traffic is achieved. We compare our roadmap-based trajectory planning approach to its shortest-path routing counterpart, Greedy Parameter Stateless Routing (GPSR), and show that beneficial tradeoffs can be attained.
The focus of this brief is to identify what unifies and what distinguishes the routing functions in four wireless multi-hop network paradigms. The brief introduces a generic routing model that can be used as a foundation of wireless multi-hop routing protocol analysis and design. It demonstrates that such model can be adopted by any wireless multi-hop routing protocol. Also presented is a glimpse of the ideal wireless multi-hop routing protocol along with several open issues.
The success of the IP architecture is largely due to the simplicity, robustness and scalability that resulted from its the connectionless design methodology. As the Internet evolves it must support new services such as QoS and when extensions are made to the IP architecture to support such services, its basic connectionless model must be preserved to retain the scalability and robustness that made it so successful. In the past few years, with the Internet becoming the main communication infrastructure IP networks are faced with two challenging problems that require immediate attention: traffic, engineering and supporting guaranteed services providing efficient, robust and scalable solutions to these problems within the framework of the connectionless IP has become extremely important and urgent.
In this dissertation, routing protocols, load-balancing protocols, and efficient evaluation techniques for multi-hop mobile wireless networks are explored. With the advancements made in wireless communication and computer technologies, a new type of mobile wireless network, known as a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), has drawn constant attention. In recent years, several routing protocols for MANETs have been proposed. However, there still remains the need for mechanisms for better scalability support with respect to network size, traffic volume, and mobility. To address this issue, a new method for multi-hop routing in MANETs called Dynamic NIx-Vector Routing (DNVR) is proposed. DNVR has several distinct features compared to other existing on-demand routing protocols, which lead to more stable routes and better scalability. Currently, ad hoc routing protocols lack load-balancing capabilities. Therefore they often fail to provide good service quality, especially in the presence of a large volume of network traffic since the network load concentrates on some nodes, resulting in a highly congested environment. To address this issue, a novel load-balancing technique for ad hoc on-demand routing protocols is proposed. The new method is simple but very effective in achieving load balance and congestion alleviation. In addition, it operates in a completely distributed fashion. To evaluate and verify wireless network protocols effectively, especially to test their scalability properties, scalable and efficient network simulation methods are required. Usually simulation of such large-scale wireless networks needs a long execution time and requires a large amount of computing resources such as powerful CPUs and memory. Traditionally, to cope with this problem, parallel network simulation techniques with parallel computing capabilities have been considered. This dissertation explores a different type of method, which is efficient and can be achieved with a sequential simulation, as well as a parallel and distributed technique for large-scale mobile wireless networks.
Routing is a fundamental networking function in every communication system, and multi-hop wireless networks are no exceptions. Attacking the routing service, an adversary can easily paralyse the operation of an entire network. The malicious manipulation of some routing messages results in the dissemination of incorrect routing information which can eventually lead to network malfunction. Even more, intermediate nodes can be corrupted, and thus, exhibit arbitrary behavior. Due to the subtle nature of attacks against routing protocols, informal reasoning about wireless routing security is an error-prone method. In this work, I develop a formal framework in which precise definitions of secure routing can be given, and secure routing protocols proposed for multi-hop wireless networks can be rigorously analysed. I demonstrate the usefulness of this framework in two ways: first, I prove the security of several existing routing protocols. Second, applying the design principles that were identified during the analyses, I propose novel routing protocols for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks and I prove that they are secure in my model.
This book provides an introduction to opportunistic routing an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks This book presents a comprehensive background to the technological challenges lying behind opportunistic routing. The authors cover many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles, performance limit and performance improvement of opportunistic routing compared to traditional routing, energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, geographic opportunistic routing, opportunistic broadcasting, and security issues associated with opportunistic routing, etc. Furthermore, the authors discuss technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. The book brings together all the new results on this topic in a systematic, coherent and unified presentation and provides a much needed comprehensive introduction to this topic. Key Features: Addresses opportunistic routing, an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks Discusses the technological challenges lying behind this new technology, and covers a wide range of practical implementation issues Explores many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles of opportunistic routing, performance limits and performance improvement, and compares them to traditional routing (e.g. energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, broadcasting, and security issues) Covers technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. This book provides an invaluable reference for researchers working in the field of wireless networks and wireless communications, and Wireless professionals. Graduate students will also find this book of interest.
The LNCS series reports state-of-the-art results in computer science research, development, and education, at a high level and in both printed and electronic form. Enjoying tight cooperation with the R & D community, with numerous individuals, as well as with prestigious organizations and societies, LNCS has grown into the most comprehensive computer science research forum available. The scope of LNCS, including its subseries LNAI and LNBI, spans the whole range of computer science and information technology including interdisciplinary topics in a variety of application fields. The type of material published traditionally includes proceedings (published in time for the respective conference) post-proceedings (consisting of thoroughly revised final full papers) research monographs (which may be based on outstanding PhD work, research projects, technical reports, etc.) More recently, several color-cover sublines have been added featuring, beyond a collection of papers, various added - value components; these sublines include tutorials (textbook - like monographs or collections of lectures given at advanced courses) state - of - the art surveys (offering complete and mediate coverage of a topic) hot topics (introducing emergent topics to the broader community) In parallel to the printed book, each new volume is published electronically in LNCS Online Book jacket.
An introduction to theories and applications in wireless broadband networks As wireless broadband networks evolve into future generation wireless networks, it's important for students, researchers, and professionals to have a solid understanding of their underlying theories and practical applications. Divided into two parts, the book presents: Enabling Technologies for Wireless Broadband Networks—orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing and other block-based transmissions; multi-input/multi-output antenna systems; ultra-wideband; medium access control; mobility resource management; routing protocols for multi-hop wireless broadband networks; radio resource management for wireless broadband networks; and quality of service for multimedia services Systems for Wireless Broadband Networks—long-term evolution cellular networks; wireless broadband networking with WiMax; wireless local area networks; wireless personal area networks; and convergence of networks Each chapter begins with an introduction and ends with a summary, appendix, and a list of resources for readers who would like to explore the subjects in greater depth. The book is an ideal resource for researchers in electrical engineering and computer science and an excellent textbook for electrical engineering and computer science courses at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels.