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New economic strategies used by states are described, and case studies of the recent innovations in economic development policies of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Michigan are presented. A number of programs in other states are briefly reviewed, and various models of state intervention are evaluated, along with the principles that underlie successful programs. Some questions raised by the economic activism of U.S. governors and state legislators are addressed. Lessons from the recent experimentation in state economic development policy are considered, along with the implications for federal policy of this expansion of state government's role in the economy. Appended are a glossary of acronyms and a chart that specifies types of competitiveness programs used in these three states. Specific programs are identified under the following categories: programs to stimulate technological innovation, capital programs, programs to help new and small businesses, technology transfer programs, labor-management cooperation programs, education and training programs, export programs, programs to bring the poor into the growth process, and the principles of effective economic development. (SW)
The worst economic crisis since the Great Depression has generated a fundamental re-evaluation of the free-market policies that have dominated American politics for three decades. State of Innovation brings together critical essays looking at the 'innovation industry' in the context of the current crisis. The book shows how government programs and policies have underpinned technological innovation in the US economy over the last four decades, despite the strength of 'free market' political rhetoric. The contributors provide new insights into where innovations come from and how governments can support a dynamic innovation economy as the US recovers from a profound economic crisis. State of Innovation outlines a 21st century policy paradigm that will foster cutting-edge innovation which remains accountable to the public.
The growth of service and high-tech industries in recent years has dramatically altered the geographical distribution of businesses throughout America. Some states have had to attract new businesses to replace declining smokestack industries, while others have experienced the trauma of rapid economic growth. This collection of case studies of California, Massachusetts, Michigan, Tennessee, Arizona, Minnesota, and Indiana analyzes strategies and problems of economic evolution and the role of state institutions in the context of regional, national and world economic change.
The Rise of the Entrepreneurial State charts the development of state and local government initiatives to influence the market and strengthen economic development policies. This trend marked a decisive break from governments' traditionally small role in the affairs of private industry that defined the relationship between the public and private sector for the first half of the twentieth century. The turn to state and local government intervention signaled a change in subnational politics that, in many ways, transcended partisan politics, regional distinctions ,and racial alliances. Eisinger's meticulous research uncovers state and local governments' transition from supply-side to demand-side strategies of market creation. He shows that, instead of relying solely on the supply-side strategies of tax breaks and other incentives to encourage business relocation, some governments promoted innovation and the creation of new business approaches.
Filling a gap in the urban and regional literature, this book provides a detailed account of the recent initiatives of US state governments with science and technology programs designed to foster economic growth.
Beginning in the Reagan administration, shifting federal economic policies have forced states to bear an increasing share of the burden of their economic development. Some states have weathered the transition well; others have not. In State Government and Economic Performance, Paul Brace combines political and economic analysis to examine the changing relationship between state and federal governments, and to identify those factors which have allowed certain states to manage change effectively.