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Road lighting, Lighting systems, Roads, Performance, Mathematical calculations, Photometry (light measurement), Light distribution, Lighting levels, Luminance, Road safety, Luminaires
Improving the energy efficiency of road lighting is currently one of the most important issues. One of the methods of improving energy efficiency is the use of dimmable luminaires. In order to be able to compare the energy efficiency of different technical solutions, EN 13201-5 introduces energy performance indicators for road lighting installations. The chapter describes energy performance indicators for road installation and the impact of active power losses on these indicators and electricity costs. In order to accurately calculate the above indicators, the active power losses in the elements of the lighting installation should be taken into account. The chapter presents the dependencies which can be used to calculate the active power losses in single- and three-phase systems. In addition, an example of calculation of energy performance indicators, active power and energy losses and electricity costs is provided. The calculation was made for an exemplary installation of road lighting with dimmable luminaires. The analysis was done for single-phase and three-phase installations.
The lighting of both exteriors and interiors is a field within electrical and lighting engineering, where important technological changes have been taking place oriented towards environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. LED technology has been gradually gaining ground in the world of lighting over other technologies due to its high lighting and energy efficiency and savings. However, some problems related to overheating or associated regulation are emerging. This has prompted the search for new, more efficient, and sustainable forms of lighting. This book presents successful cases related to energy efficiency and lighting that may be of great interest to those trying to enter the world of scientific research.
This document specifies the evaluation grades and evaluation procedures for the energy performance of lighting systems. This document applies to the evaluation of energy performance of lighting systems in stably operated urban roads, highway tunnels, public buildings, and outdoor work places. It can be used as a reference for the evaluation of energy performance of other lighting systems. This document does not apply to the acceptance evaluation of lighting systems.
This book outlines the underlying principles on which modern road lighting is based, and provides the reader with knowledge of how these principles should be applied in practice. This book offers a completely fresh approach to the subject, reflecting how the technology of road lighting has progressed to keep up with the changes in lamp technology, especially in solid state light sources, and the increasing awareness of energy use and environmental issues. The book is divided into three parts. Part One describes lighting of open roads, with chapters discussing visual performance and comfort (including the effects of mesopic vision and age), and international standards and recommendations for road lighting. Lighting equipment is introduced; specifically lamps and luminaires in terms of their practical properties and features, but also the road surface and its characteristics. A chapter on Lighting Design makes the link between theory and practice, providing the reader with the knowledge needed for effective lighting design, including aspects relating to sustainability. The final chapter of Part One deals with lighting calculation conventions and measurements. Part Two is devoted to light pollution. The negative consequences of light pollution are described and tactics to restrict light pollution explained. Lighting criteria are defined that can be used by the lighting designer to guarantee installations stay within acceptable limits. International standards and recommendations on the restriction of light pollution are discussed. Part Three is devoted to tunnel lighting, with chapters discussing visual performance in tunnel environments, lighting criteria, standards and recommendations, and concluding with a chapter on tunnel lighting equipment and design. This book is a valuable resource for road lighting designers and engineers, students of lighting design and engineering, town planners, traffic engineers, environmental specialists, and lamp and luminaire developers and manufacturers.
Energy-efficient light-emitting diode (LED) street lighting technologies and designs can cut energy costs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Asian Development Bank, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Indonesia, and the country’s state-owned electric utility have collaborated on the implementation of a pilot LED retrofit project. This report describes the applied methodologies, measured results, and lessons learned from the project, which demonstrated average savings of 50% in street lighting electricity costs for two municipalities. It also identifies barriers to scaling up LED street lighting retrofits in Indonesian municipalities, along with technical and policy recommendations that can be implemented to overcome these barriers.
These proceedings present fourteen peer-reviewed papers from the 10th International Conference on Improving Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings and Smart Communities, which was held March 21-22, 2018 in Frankfurt, Germany. This biannual conference aims to promote and diffuse the concept of energy efficiency in new and existing commercial buildings and to enlarge the market for low consumption and sustainable non-residential buildings. It also covers smart and sustainable districts, communities and cities, since energy systems efficiency and renewable energies are often optimized at the district or municipal level. The 2018 conference focused on advanced and innovative technologies to improve the energy efficiency of commercial buildings, communities and cities as well as the policies and measures by governments at various levels to improve energy efficiency. A particular focus was on Energy Service Companies (ESCOs). The conference addresses energy policy makers at international, national, and local level; academics, researchers and energy efficiency experts; ESCOs, utilities, buildings energy and environmental managers; buildings engineers and architects; and equipment manufacturers and commercial property investors.
Lighting Not Only Affects Efficiency And Ambience At The Workplace But Also Offers Immense Energy-Saving Opportunities. In The Industrial Sector, Lighting Constitutes 2%-5% Of Total Energy Consumption But In Commercial Buildings, Hotels, And Office Complexes, It Can Go Up To 30%. This Handbook Discusses Effective Lighting Concepts And Practices For Maximizing Energy Conservation And Provides Insights Into New Technologies And Successful Case Studies. It Holds Value For Facility/Office Managers, Building Owners, Consultants, Designers/Engineers, And Energy Specialists In Municipal Bodies.
The role of lighting is developing into a topic considered alongside sustainable development. Some years ago, lighting installations fulfilled technical requirements and consumed only enough energy for the accurate completion of visual tasks. This recently changed due to several discoveries in the matter of non-visual paths, whose influence on users' well-being, safety, mood, and productivity is starting to be applied to installations. Today, we know that sustainable development depends on many factors but we are only now beginning to understand how accurate lighting can be used to promote development from different perspectives. The present book compiles work dealing with the way lighting installations must be designed to work in an efficient and sustainable way, together with the way lighting can be used to contribute to sustainable development beyond the well-know savings in energy, green-house gas emissions, and raw materials consumption. The union of both concepts, sustainable lighting and lighting for sustainability is what is call "total lighting", the global framework with which the lighting community will work in the near future.