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All students of mathematics know of Peano's postulates for the natural numbers and his famous space-filling curve, yet their knowledge often stops there. Part of the reason is that there has not until now been a full-scale study of his life and works. This must surely be surprising, when one realizes the length of his academic career (over 50 years) and the extent of his publica tions (over 200) in a wide variety of fields, many of which had immediate and long-term effects on the development of modern mathematics. A study of his life seems long overdue. It appeared to me that the most likely person to write a biography of Peano would be his devoted disciple Ugo Cassina, with whom I studied at the University of Milan in 1957-58. I wrote to Professor Cassina on 29 October, 1963, inquiring if he planned to write the biography, and I offered him my assistance, since I hoped to return to Italy for a year. He replied on 28 November, 1963, suggesting that we collaborate, meaning by this that I would write the biography, in English, using his material and advice. I gladly agreed to this suggestion, but work on the project had hardly begun when Professor Cassina died unexpectedly on 5 October, 1964. I then decided to continue the project on my own. I spent the academic year 1966-67 in Turin; completion of the book took ten years.
Both classical geometry and modern differential geometry have been active subjects of research throughout the 20th century and lie at the heart of many recent advances in mathematics and physics. The underlying motivating concept for the present book is that it offers readers the elements of a modern geometric culture by means of a whole series of visually appealing unsolved (or recently solved) problems that require the creation of concepts and tools of varying abstraction. Starting with such natural, classical objects as lines, planes, circles, spheres, polygons, polyhedra, curves, surfaces, convex sets, etc., crucial ideas and above all abstract concepts needed for attaining the results are elucidated. These are conceptual notions, each built "above" the preceding and permitting an increase in abstraction, represented metaphorically by Jacob's ladder with its rungs: the 'ladder' in the Old Testament, that angels ascended and descended... In all this, the aim of the book is to demonstrate to readers the unceasingly renewed spirit of geometry and that even so-called "elementary" geometry is very much alive and at the very heart of the work of numerous contemporary mathematicians. It is also shown that there are innumerable paths yet to be explored and concepts to be created. The book is visually rich and inviting, so that readers may open it at random places and find much pleasure throughout according their own intuitions and inclinations. Marcel Berger is t he author of numerous successful books on geometry, this book once again is addressed to all students and teachers of mathematics with an affinity for geometry.
Aldo Belleni-Morante started to write this book in February 2008 giving two provisional titles: Semigroups and Evaluation Equations in Locally Convex Spaces: An Introduction or Applied Semigroups in Locally Convex Spaces and, he seemed on hurry for finishing it. He decided to share his scientific viewpoint with the Scottish colleagues Prof. Adam C. McBride (AMB) and Dr Wilson Lamb (WL) from the Strathclyde University. He fully desired this collaboration as a consequence of some previous scientific works undertaken since 2006 at the Strathclyde University along his appointment as Permanent Visiting Professor. He also considered the very early conception of this book since 2005 when he spent his latest sabbatical year in Glasgow and further in 2007 when Adam McBride came to Florence to work on this. But not much work was done at that time. To this end, Aldo started happily on his own research work to write the book and he completed his first part in 2008. Unfortunately, the first health problems arisen and this book stayed unfinished.
The fields of integer programming and combinatorial optimization continue to be areas of great vitality, with an ever increasing number of publications and journals appearing. A classified bibliography thus continues to be necessary and useful today, even more so than it did when the project, of which this is the fifth volume, was started in 1970 in the Institut fur Okonometrie und Operations Research of the University of Bonn. The pioneering first volume was compiled by Claus Kastning during the years 1970 - 1975 and appeared in 1976 as Volume 128 of the series Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems published by the Springer Verlag. Work on the project was continued by Dirk Hausmann, Reinhardt Euler, and Rabe von Randow, and resulted in the publication of the second, third, and fourth volumes in 1978, 1982, and 1985 (Volumes 160, 197, and 243 of the above series). The present book constitutes the fifth volume of the bibliography and covers the period from autumn 1984 to the end of 1987. It contains 5864 new publications by 4480 authors and was compiled by Rabe von Randow. Its form is practically identical to that of the first four volumes, some additions having been made to the subject list.