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Le vol. 27 n°2 de la REMI est consacré à des résultats d'enquêtes menées par des chercheurs français et étrangers. Les articles publiés abordent des questions qui relèvent notamment de la mixité franco-étrangère, de l'impact des refoulements de migrants sur les familles restées au pays d'origine, du passage du paradigme de la migration à celui de la mobilité et de ses effets sur la gestion migratoire au Canada, du rapport entre politiques publiques et insertion professionnelle des immigrés en France et en Italie, des pratiques et des cultures de la consommation chez les jeunes descendants d'immigrés en Italie, de la construction des frontières ethniques dans l'espace scolaire. Enfin la thématique des musulmans en Italie est discutée dans une note de recherche qui conclut ce numéro de varia.
In recent years, Mediterranean agriculture has experienced important transformations which have led to new forms of labour and production, and in particular to a surge in the recruitment of migrant labour. The Mediterranean Basin represents a very interesting arena that is able to illustrate labour conditions and mobility, the competition among different farming models, and the consequences in terms of the proletarianization process, food crisis and diet changes. Migration and Agriculture brings together international contributors from across several disciplines to describe and analyse labour conditions and international migrations in relation to agri-food restructuring processes. This unique collection of articles connects migration issues with the proletarianization process and agrarian transitions that have affected Southern European as well as some Middle Eastern and Northern African countries in different ways. The chapters present case studies from a range of territories in the Mediterranean Basin, offering empirical data and theoretical analysis in order to grasp the complexity of the processes that are occurring. This book offers a uniquely comprehensive overview of migrations, territories and agro-food production in this key region, and will be an indispensable resource to scholars in migration studies, rural sociology, social geography and the political economy of agriculture.
The wars of the twentieth century uprooted people on a previously unimaginable scale to the extent that being a refugee became an increasingly widespread experience. With the arrival of refugees, governments of host countries had to mediate between divided national populations: some wished to welcome those arriving in search of refuge; others preferred a strategy of exclusion or even expulsion. At the same time, refugees had to manage conflicts of the self as they responded to the loss of nationhood, families, socio-political networks, material goods, and arguably also a sense of belonging or home. While return migration was usually perceived by governments and refugees alike as the best solution to the dilemmas of forced displacement, consensus about the timing and dynamics of how this would actually occur was very difficult to achieve. In practice, the return of refugees to their countries of origin rarely, if ever, produced a wholly satisfactory outcome. Conflicts clearly resulted in forced displacement, but it is equally true that forced displacement created conflicts. The complex inter-relationship of conflict, return migration and the sometimes chimerical, but still compelling search for a sense of home is the central preoccupation of the contributors to the two volumes of the Coming Home? series. Scholars from history, literature, cultural studies and sociology explore the tensions between nation-states and migrants as they have anticipated, implemented or challenged the process of return migration during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The first volume – Coming Home? Conflict and Return Migration in the Aftermath of Europe’s Twentieth-Century Civil Wars – covers the period of the Spanish Civil War to the Cold War with a focus on Western, Central and Eastern Europe. This book shifts attention to the colonial and post-colonial framework of the French-North African nexus.
After the fall of communism in 1989 Bulgaria experiences strong waves of emigration. According to recent estimations, about 2 million Bulgarians live abroad. Since 1989, migration flows often have changed their direction, intensity and patterns; however, their main characteristic remains their constancy. The articles in the present collection describe and analyze some of the largest Bulgarian communities abroad as well as other topics related to migration issues of ethnic minorities in Bulgaria or the multilingualism in the works of Bulgarian authors with migratory background.
The resulting cultural differences can often create problems and conflict. In Europe alone, the sheer scale of migration is forcing the issue to the top of the political agenda. The Intercultural City brings together scholars from a range of disciplines - including urban studies, geography, planning, sociology, political science and spatial design - to explore both the failings of existing policies to manage diversity and to examine how one might begin to create ways to remove obstacles and enhance the integration of migrants and minorities. Combining fresh theoretical insights with studies from cities in Europe, North America, Asia and Africa, The Intercultural City offers a timely and important contribution to the challenge of managing diversity in the city of the twenty-first century.
In the field of Translation Studies no book-length work in English has yet been dedicated to the translation and circulation of migration literature. The authors of this volume seek to contribute to filling this gap through a detailed study of texts belonging to a variety of literary genres and engaging with the phenomenon of migration in different parts of the world. Not only will the challenges met by translators be discussed, but the different ways in which the translated texts travel from one cultural sphere to another will also be explored. The focus lies on the themes “migration and politics”, “migration and society”, as well as “the experience of migration in words, music and images”.
In the complex and multi-layered process of migration and identity-building, classical migration theories and approaches of transnationalism seem no longer able to grasp how belonging and home are to be found in movement. This ethnography leads the reader into the lives of five Jamaican women in Montreal; their daily practices and experiences, their spaces of communion, their memories and projections for the future. Lisa Johnson sheds light on the mobile biographies and migratory agency of her interlocutors by following the intricate mental and physical trajectories of their deep-rooted yearning to return home.
Jordan currently hosts the second largest percentage of registered refugees in the world: three million out of its eleven million inhabitants. Its experience in hosting migrants and refugees precedes its independence in 1946, with the arrival of Circassians, Chechens, and Armenians from the late 19th century. Jordan thus constitutes a unique observatory for reception policies and long-term settlement of different migrant groups. Based on original empirical and archival material, this volume focuses on migrations caused by conflicts, wars, and crises underscoring their articulation with longstanding human mobility. It sheds light on the cumulative and processual dimensions of Jordan's reception policies and migrants' settlement strategies. It identifies the multiple actors involved in the management of migrants and, conversely, the latter's contribution to the Jordanian social, economic, political, and urban fabric. The first part of the volume examines the policies adopted by the Jordanian authorities and international organizations to regulate access to basic services and to the labour market, and explores the economic and political factors underlying them. The second part analyzes the effects of Jordan's policies on the territorial distribution and settlement of migrants. How have these policies, combined with the adaptation strategies of migrants contributed to shaping new urban spaces? The third part focuses on capacity of the migrants to activate, establish, (re)build, and intersect different kinds of solidarity networks within the context of protracted displacement.
Based on the case of the ILO, both as an actor and driver of international social policy, this collection explores the internationalization process of social rights, in a number of national and international contexts. This collection brings together a variety of new scholarship by a group of highly qualified and internationally renowned scholars.
Borders - whether settled or contested, violent or calm, closed or open - may have a direct, and often acute, human impact. Those affected may be people living nearby, those attempting to cross them and even those who succeed in doing so. At the border, vulnerable refugee and migrant communities, especially women, are exposed to state-centred boundary practices, paving the way for both their alienation and exploitation. The militarization of borders subjugates the very position of women in these marginalized areas and often subjects them to further victimization, which is facilitated by patriarchal socio-cultural practice. Structural violence is endemic to these regions and gender interlocks with their perimeters to reinforce and shape violence. This book locates gender and violence along geographical edges and critically examines the gendered experiences of women as global border residents and border crossers. Broadly, it explores two questions. First, what are women's experiences of engaging with borders? Second, where are women positioned in the theory and practice of marking, remarking and demarking these margins? Offering a nuanced and thorough approach, this book suggests that research on borders and violence needs to focus on how bordered violence shapes the embodiment of gender identity and norms and how they are challenged. It examines an array of issues including forced migration, trafficking and cross-border ties to explore how gender and borders intersect.