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The components of the vascular systems in the male floret and the female floret of Raddia are described from reconstructed serial, transverse sections. Squat tracheary elements, sieve elements, and intermediary cells comprise the systems. The male floret has six and the female floret three collateral bundles in the rachilla at the floret base that become interconnected into a lower sieve-element plexus with accompanying tracheary elements. Besides contributing to the lower plexus, the rachilla bundles serve as the traces for the lemma and palea. That bundle (bundle 3) which is the trace for the lemma median contributes most of the sieve and tracheary elements to the lower plexus. Supernumerary bundles are associated with bundle 3. Rising in the rachilla from the lower plexus is the upper plexus of sieve and tracheary elements. The circular form of the upper plexus of the male floret is influenced by the two traces from each of the anterior lodicules and by each trace from the three stamens. The trace from the posterior lodicule of the male and female florets does not influence the upper plexus. The bi-arcuate form of the upper plexus of the female floret is influenced by the two, more posterior traces from the anterior lodicules. The three staminodia in the female floret do not influence the upper plexus because they are avascular. At the pistil base is a massive amphicribral bundle, the pistil plexus, that sends down vascular prongs and lobes to merge with the upper and lower plexi. Two posterolateral (stylar) collateral bundles merge with the pistil plexus in a gynobasic manner. A placental bundle ascends from the posterior of the pistil plexus, merges with the chalaza, and exceeds the tip of the ovule before ending in a stylar core. Components of the floret vascular system of Raddia confirm the Olyreae as a tribe of the Bambusoideae that should not be placed in the subfamilies Festucoideae, Oryzoideae, or Panicoideae.
Seventeen species of Pearcea (Gesneriaceae) are recognized, nine of which are new: Pearcea bella, P. bilabiata, P. cordata, P. fuscicalyx, P. glabrata, P. gracilis, P. grandifolia, P. intermedia, and P. strigosa. Of the remaining eight species, two were originally described in Pearcea, one is transferred herein from Kohleria, and five come from Parakohleria, a genus placed in synonymy herein. Pearcea occurs mainly on the eastern Andean slopes of Colombia (5 species), Ecuador (12 species), Peru (6 species), and Bolivia (1 species), and one species also occurs on the western Andean slopes in Ecuador. The largest number of species appears to occur in Ecuador, although additional species may occur in less explored parts of Peru. Pearcea differs from related and similar genera in the Gloxinieae by having fleshy capsules dehiscing by two valves and exposing a sticky seed mass. All species are herbs, usually with bright red flowers, and are usually found in the shady, humid forest understory, often near small streams. Hybridization, local speciation, and polymorphic variation may complicate the species delimitation. The variable Pearcea sprucei occurs throughout nearly the entire range of the genus (and includes the only accepted variety, var. parviflora), but most species are rare and local.
In this volume, 24 flowering plant families comprising a total of 911 genera are treated. They represent the asterid order Lamiales except for Acanthaceae (including Avicenniaceae), which will be included in a later volume. Although most of the constituent families of the order have been recognized as being closely related long ago, the inclusion of the families Byblidaceae, Carlemanniaceae and Plocospermataceae is the result mainly of recent molecular systematic research. Keys for the identification of all genera are provided, and likely phylogenetic relationships are discussed extensively. To facilitate the recognition of relationships, families are cross-referenced where necessary. The wealth of information contained in this volume makes it an indispensable source for anybody in the fields of pure and applied plant sciences.
Written as a reference to be used within University, Departmental, Public, Institutional, Herbaria, and Arboreta libraries, this book provides the first starting point for better access to data on medicinal and poisonous plants. Following on the success of the author's CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names and the CRC World Dictionary of Grasses, the author provides the names of thousands of genera and species of economically important plants. It serves as an indispensable time-saving guide for all those involved with plants in medicine, food, and cultural practices as it draws on a tremendous range of primary and secondary sources. This authoritative lexicon is much more than a dictionary. It includes historical and linguistic information on botany and medicine throughout each volume.
A listing of almost 9000 kinds of plants known to be cultivated in Southern Africa, or to have been tried here. The information is derived from a database containing details mainly of specimens archived in the National Herbarium, Pretoria.