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This book introduces the latest optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and computerized automatic image analysis techniques, and their applications in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases. Discussing the basic principles and the clinical applications of OCT imaging, OCT image preprocessing, as well as the automatic detection and quantitative analysis of retinal anatomy and pathology, it includes a wealth of clinical OCT images, and state-of-the-art research that applies novel image processing, pattern recognition and machine learning methods to real clinical data. It is a valuable resource for researchers in both medical image processing and ophthalmic imaging.
This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the newest laser and microscope/ophthalmoscope technology in the field of high resolution imaging in microscopy and ophthalmology. Starting by describing High-Resolution 3D Light Microscopy with STED and RESOLFT, the book goes on to cover retinal and anterior segment imaging and image-guided treatment and also discusses the development of adaptive optics in vision science and ophthalmology. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the reader will learn about the latest developments and most up to date technology in the field and how these translate to a medical setting. High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology – New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics has been written by leading experts in the field and offers insights on engineering, biology, and medicine, thus being a valuable addition for scientists, engineers, and clinicians with technical and medical interest who would like to understand the equipment, the applications and the medical/biological background. Lastly, this book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Gerhard Zinser, co-founder of Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, a scientist, a husband, a brother, a colleague, and a friend.
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has undergone tremendous growth since its first commercial introduction in 2014. Because it provides injection-free, capillary-resolution, 3-dimensional angiography of the retina and choroid, OCTA is likely to overtake fluorescein as the most important angiographic imaging technique in the eye. Nearly all manufacturers of ophthalmic OCT now offer OCTA products. A PubMed search now yields over 5700 articles on OCTA and related terms. Clinical investigators have already found a use for OCTA in almost every category of retinal and optic nerve diseases. This book is meant to bring together all this information so clinicians can have one authoritative text to turn to as we begin to use this new imaging modality that was never taught when we were in formal training. Table of contents Introduction Dedication About the Editors Contributors 1. Optical coherence tomography systems for angiography 2. Optical coherence tomographic angiography algorithms 3. Vascular anatomy of the normal retina and choroid 4. OCTA of the normal anterior eye circulations 5. Artifacts 6. Quantification 7. Artificial intelligence in optical coherence tomographic angiography 8. Terminology: a new standard 9. AngioVue SSADA OCTA on the Optovue SOLIX Spectral-Domain OCT 10. Optical microangiography with AngioPlex® and PLEX® Elite systems 11. Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging on the Topcon Triton and Maestro2 systems 12. NIDEK Mirante OCT angiography 13. OCTA on the Heidelberg spectralis spectral-domain OCT 14. OCTA on the Optopol REVO NX spectral-domain OCT 15. OCTA on the Canon OCT-HS100 and Xephilio OCT-A1 Spectral-Domain OCT 16. Exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration—Type 1, 2 and 3 neovascularization 17. Retinal angiomatous proliferation—type 3 choroidal neovascularization 18. Short- and long-term follow-up of macular neovascularization response to antiangiogenic treatment 19. Nonexudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration 20. Non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration 21. Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy 22. Macular telangiectasia 23. Central serous chorioretinopathy 25. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy 26. Subclinical neovascular diabetic retinopathy 27. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy 28. Retinal venous occlusion 29. Retinal arterial occlusion 30. Plexus-specific occlusions in retinal vascular diseases 31. Paracentral acute middle maculopathy 32. Inherited retinal degenerations 33. Pathologic myopia 34. Multimodal imaging and the role of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal vasculitis 35. White spot syndromes 36. Choroidal tumors 37. Radiation retinopathy 38. Open-angle glaucoma 39. Primary angle-closure glaucoma 40. Optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis 41. Alzheimer’s disease 42. Corneal neovascularization 43. Ocular surface and iris tumors
Computational Retinal Image Analysis: Tools, Applications and Perspectives gives an overview of contemporary retinal image analysis (RIA) in the context of healthcare informatics and artificial intelligence. Specifically, it provides a history of the field, the clinical motivation for RIA, technical foundations (image acquisition modalities, instruments), computational techniques for essential operations, lesion detection (e.g. optic disc in glaucoma, microaneurysms in diabetes) and validation, as well as insights into current investigations drawing from artificial intelligence and big data. This comprehensive reference is ideal for researchers and graduate students in retinal image analysis, computational ophthalmology, artificial intelligence, biomedical engineering, health informatics, and more. Provides a unique, well-structured and integrated overview of retinal image analysis Gives insights into future areas, such as large-scale screening programs, precision medicine, and computer-assisted eye care Includes plans and aspirations of companies and professional bodies
Vision loss, with a prevalence loss greater than 42 million in the United States is one of the major challenges of today's health-care industry and medical science. Early detection of different retinal-related diseases will dramatically reduce the risk of vision loss. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a relatively new imaging technique which is of great importance in the identification of ocular and especially retinal diseases. Thus, the efficient analysis of OCT images provides several advantages. In this thesis, we propose a series of image processing and machine learning techniques for the automated analysis of OCT images. The proposed methodology in chapter 2 localizes different retinal layers using a modified version of active contour models. In chapter 3, we propose a method which classifies OCT images based on different pathological conditions using novel methods, e.g., transfer learning and new texture detection techniques. The proposed methods along with the clinically meaningful extracted characteristics provide numbers of applications and benefits, e.g., saving a considerable amount of time and providing more-efficient and -accurate indices for the diagnosis and treatment of different ocular diseases to ophthalmologists and finally reducing the overall risk of vision loss.
This book covers the results of the creation of methods for ophthalmologists support in OCT images automated analysis. These methods, like the application developed on their basis, are used during routine examinations carried out in hospital. The monograph comprises proposals of new and also of known algorithms, modified by authors, for image analysis and processing, presented on the basis of example of Matlab environment with Image Processing tools. The results are not only obtained fully automatically, but also repeatable, providing doctors with quantitative information on the degree of pathology occurring in the patient. In this case the anterior and posterior eye segment is analysed, e.g. the measurement of the filtration angle or individual layers thickness. To introduce the Readers to subtleties related to the implementation of selected fragments of algorithms, the notation of some of them in the Matlab environment has been given. The presented source code is shown only in the form of example of implementable selected algorithm. In no way we impose here the method of resolution on the Reader and we only provide the confirmation of a possibility of its practical implementation.
Unparalleled for aiding diagnosis of retinal disease and recording disease progression, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) remains one of the most significant advances in ophthalmology over the past 50 years. Atlas of Retinal OCT, 2nd Edition, provides expert guidance in making the most of this diagnostic tool with high-quality, oversized images that show precise detail and assist with rapid, accurate clinical decision making. Led by the same expert team of Drs. Jay S. Duker, Nadia K. Waheed, and Darin R. Goldman, and with the addition of new editor Dr. Shilpa J. Desai, this atlas remains your “go to reference source for OCT imaging of the retina. Now updated throughout to align with current practice, it covers a range of both common and rare disorders and presentations. Features more than 1,000 high-quality illustrations depicting the full spectrum of retinal diseases using OCT and OCTA scans, supported by clinical photos and ancillary imaging technologies. Contains new and updated image examples throughout—including new OCTA images with artifacts and key findings highlighted. Presents images as large as possible on the page with an abundance of arrows, pointers, and labels to guide you in pattern recognition and eliminate any uncertainty. Includes the latest high-resolution spectral domain OCT technology and new insights into OCT angiography technology to ensure you have the most up-to-date and highest quality examples available. Provides key feature points for each disorder, giving you the need-to-know OCT essentials for quick comprehension and rapid reference. An excellent diagnostic companion to Handbook of Retinal OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography, 2nd Edition.