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Review of studies that examined the effects of disturbance-related habitat changes on wildlife and ecosystem process in northern coniferous systems, including songbirds, small mammals, hare, moose, and deer.
This paper reviews studies that have examined the effects of forest herbicide treatments on wildlife in Ontario and similar northern coniferous ecosystems. Since most of the research has been short-term, valid generalizations about the effects of conifer release with herbicides on specific wildlife species or groups must be limited to 1 or 2 growing seasons after treatment. Conifer release is only one of several forest management tools designed to direct secondary succession and shape future forests. Managed forests, moreover, are only parts of larger ecosystems, which in turn are parts of the overall landscape. The effects of the composition of the landscape mosaic on resident wildlife should be considered when conifer release is discussed. In Ontario, where harvesting has reduced the coniferous component in forests and landscapes, conifer release could help restore this component and increase both forest and wildlife diversity.
Forest managers commonly use herbicides to release young conifers from associated non-crop vegetation. Concern has been raised over the potential effects on wildlife of conifer release with herbicides. The most commonly used herbicide in Canadian forestry is Vision, whose active ingredient is glyphosate. Although glyphosate is considered practically non-toxic to mammals, indirect effects (reduced forage) concern both biologists and hunters. This report examines the effects of Vision on moose browse quantity and moose area use near Thunder Bay, Ontario, to study the effects of conifer release with Vision on nutritional browse quality four and eight years after treatment. Both winter (twigs) and summer (leaves) forages were analysed from four plant species commonly eaten by moose in early successional forests: hazel, aspen, raspberry, and willow. Results are presented only for the more important nutrient, digestible protein.
Presents proceedings of a vegetation management conference focusing on alternative methods of vegetation control, ecosystem effects associated with vegetation management practices, and ecosystem management and its implications for forest vegetation management. Topics of presentations include plant competition, the Fallingsnow Ecosystem Project, conifer release treatments, effect of herbicides, forest regeneration, responses of specific tree species to management treatments, understory vegetation responses, hardwood species control, effects of tree spacing, use of biological indicators, effects on small mammals, residual effects of forestry herbicides on plant diversity, herbicide phytotoxicity, decision support systems, microbial control strategies, microclimatic changes following treatments, vegetation dynamics, use of prescribed burning, and the use of sheep in vegetation management. Includes author index.
This annotated bibliography contains citations to all publications written, co-authored, or commissioned by Ontario Forest Research Institute staff between 1990 and 1995. Over this period, over 400 publications were produced, including 78 journal articles, 60 reports, 13 program annual reports, six guides or handbooks, 31 technical notes, 80 newsletters or newsletter articles, 34 papers in conference or workshop proceedings, and 115 abstracts of proceedings. Includes author index.