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"This study is a resource and environmental profile analysis (REPA) of nine beverage container options. The analysis encompassed seven different parameters: virgin raw materials use, energy use, water use, industrial sold wastes, post-consumer solid wastes, air pollutant emissions and water pollutant effluents. These parameters were assessed for each manufacturing and transportation step in the life cycle of a container, beginning with extraction of the raw materials from the earth, continuing through the materials processing steps, product fabrication, use and final disposal. The nine container systems encompass four basic raw materials: glass, steel, aluminum and plastic. A fifth basic material is also included in packaging of the containers; this material is paper.--P. 1.
The Code of Federal Regulations is the codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government.
The challenges of sustainable manufacturing were accepted by several research institutions at the Technical University Berlin and lead to the establishment of the Collaborative Research Center (Sfb) 281 Dissassembly Factories for the Recovery of Resources in Product and Material Cycles funded by the German Research Foundation in 1995. This book details the numerous scientific results that are now available after 12 years of research.
This book introduces readers to Life Cycle Approach (LCA)-supported design solutions, through non-geometric-data-driven methodologies, to provide a clear picture of how to optimize individual designs in addressing ecological challenges. By offering LCA, the book gives designers a complimentary set of science-based perspectives and techniques with a focus on high data quality for clarity and public accessibility. While most design solutions and resources are meant to appeal to people by solving everyday problems, this book uses LCA designs to appeal to people through a combination of practicality, accuracy, and the need to decelerate ecological destruction through products offered to marketplace consumers. In essence, the book teaches designers how to craft environmentally responsive designs for their clients at little to no extra cost, but with necessary ecological benefits. The book analyzes the human desire for consumption, and suggests design innovations for promoting "best practices". LCA tools, data, and methodologies are explained and offered as these potential innovations for affecting positive environmental change. As an underlying component of LCA, the book defines the energy essentials related to environmental problems, and how LCA design solutions must address these factors while also appealing to a designated client-base. The book also teaches designers how to consider corporate incentives for trusting LCA designs, such as investor confidence, loyalty, and consumer trust. The book will appeal to a broad range of designers interested in sustainable and data-driven design, and may be utilized by non-LCA specialists in expanding their design perspectives and goals in the marketplace.