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As a fabrication technology, welding presents a number of technical challenges to the designer, manufacturer, and end-user of the welded structures. Both weld residual stress and distortion can significantly impair the performance and reliability of the welded structures. They must be properly dealt with during design, fabrication, and in-service use of the welded structures. There have been many significant and exciting developments on the subject in the past ten to fifteen years. Measurement techniques have been improved significantly. More importantly, the development of computational welding mechanics methods has been phenomenal. The progresses in the last decade or so have not only greatly expanded our fundamental understanding of the processes and mechanisms of residual stress and distortion during welding, but also have provided powerful tools to quantitatively determine the detailed residual stress and distortion information for a given welded structure. New techniques for effective residual stress and distortion mitigations and controls have also been applied in different industry sectors. Processes and Mechanisms of Welding Residual Stress and Distortion provides a comprehensive summary on the developments in the subject. It outlines theoretical treatments on heat transfer, solid mechanics and materials behavior that are essential for understanding and determining the welding residual stress and distortion. The approaches for computational methods and analysis methodology are described so that non specialists can follow them. There are chapters devoted to the discussion of various techniques for control and mitigation of residual stress and distortion, and residual stress and distortion results for various typical welded structures are provided. The second half of the book looks at case studies and practical solutions and provides insights into the techniques, challenges, limitations and future trends of each application. This book will not only be useful for advanced analysis of the subject, but also provide sufficient examples and practical solutions for welding engineers. With a panel of leading experts this authoritative book will be a valuable resource for welding engineers and designers as well as academics working in the fields of structural and mechanical engineering.
Annotation Examines the factors that contribute to overall steel deformation problems. The 27 articles address the effect of materials and processing, the measurement and prediction of residual stress and distortion, and residual stress formation in the shaping of materials, during hardening processes, and during manufacturing processes. Some of the topics are the stability and relaxation behavior of macro and micro residual stresses, stress determination in coatings, the effects of process equipment design, the application of metallo- thermo-mechanic to quenching, inducing compressive stresses through controlled shot peening, and the origin and assessment of residual stresses during welding and brazing. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Generally, welding produces welding deformation and residual stress in the products, which influences the quality and performance of the products. Although many engineers and researchers have made great effort how to control these incidents, they have still remained unresolved. Welding Deformation and Residual Stress Prevention provides a unique computational approach to the prediction of the effects of deformation and residual stress on materials. The goal is to provide engineers and designers with the ability to create their own computational system for predicting and possibly avoiding the problem altogether. The basic theories including "theory of elastic-plastic analysis" and "inherent strain theory" , and analysis procedures are described using a simple three-bar model Online simulation software to perform basic analysis on welding mechanics Examples of strategic methods and procedures are illustrated to have solved various welding-related problems encountered in the process of construction Appendices present data bases for welding residual stresses, temperature dependent material properties, etc.
Almost all welding technology depends upon the use of concentrated energy sources to fuse or soften the material locally at the joint, before such energy can be diffused or dispersed elsewhere. Although comprehensive treatments of transient heat flow as a controlling influence have been developed progressively and published over the past forty years, the task of uniting the results compactly within a textbook has become increasingly formidable. With the comparative scarcity of such works, welding engineers have been denied the full use of powerful design analysis tools. During the past decade Dr Radaj has prepared to fulfil this need, working from a rich experience as pioneer researcher and teacher, co-operator with Professor Argyris at Stuttgart University in developing the finite element method for stress analysis of aircraft and power plant structures, and more recently as expert consultant on these and automotive structures at Daimler Benz. His book appeared in 1988 in the German language, and this updated English language edition will significantly increase the availability of the work.
"Surface Integrity in Machining" describes the fundamentals and recent advances in the study of surface integrity in machining processes. "Surface Integrity in Machining" gathers together research from international experts in the field. Topics covered include: the definition of surface integrity and its importance in functional performance; surface topography characterization and evaluation; microstructure modification and the mechanical properties of subsurface layers; residual stresses; surface integrity characterization methods; and surface integrity aspects in machining processes. A useful reference for researchers in tribology and materials, mechanical and materials engineers, and machining professionals, "Surface Integrity in Machining" can be also used as a textbook by advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Welding is a cost-effective and flexible method of fabricating large structures, but drawbacks such as residual stress, distortion and buckling must be overcome in order to optimize structural performance. Minimization of welding distortion and buckling provides a systematic overview of the methods of minimizing distortion and buckling in welded structures. Following an introductory chapter, part one focuses on understanding welding stress and distortion, with chapters on such topics as computational welding mechanics, modelling the effect of phase transformations on welding stress and distortion and using computationally efficient reduced-solution methods to understand welding distortion. Part two covers different methods of minimizing welding distortion. Chapters discuss methods such as differential heating for minimizing distortion in welded stiffeners, dynamic thermal tensioning, reverse-side heating and ways of minimizing buckling such as weld cooling and hybrid laser arc welding. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Minimization of welding distortion and buckling is an essential reference for all welders and engineers involved in fabrication of metal end-products, as well as those in industry and academia with a research interest in the area. Provides a systematic overview of the methods of minimizing distortion and buckling in welded structures Focuses on understanding welding stress and distortion featuring computational welding mechanics and modelling the effect of phase transformations Explores different methods of minimizing welding distortion discussing differential heating and dynamic thermal tensioning
This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Residual Stresses 10 and is devoted to the prediction/modelling, evaluation, control, and application of residual stresses in engineering materials. New developments, on stress-measurement techniques, on modelling and prediction of residual stresses and on progress made in the fundamental understanding of the relation between the state of residual stress and the material properties, are highlighted. The proceedings offer an overview of the current understanding of the role of residual stresses in materials used in wide ranging application areas.
This title deals with the computational simulation of temperature fields, residual stresses and distortion occuring during and after welding. Computational simulation is understood to be the reduction of the typical welding phenomena just mentionaed to physical models, and their mathematical representation in the form of computer programs.
Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys: State of the Art, Challenges and Opportunities provides alternative methods to the conventional approach for the fabrication of the majority of titanium components produced via the cast and wrought technique, a process which involves a considerable amount of expensive machining. In contrast, the Additive Manufacturing (AM) approach allows very close to final part configuration to be directly fabricated minimizing machining cost, while achieving mechanical properties at least at cast and wrought levels. In addition, the book offers the benefit of significant savings through better material utilization for parts with high buy-to-fly ratios (ratio of initial stock mass to final part mass before and after manufacturing). As titanium additive manufacturing has attracted considerable attention from both academicians and technologists, and has already led to many applications in aerospace and terrestrial systems, as well as in the medical industry, this book explores the unique shape making capabilities and attractive mechanical properties which make titanium an ideal material for the additive manufacturing industry. Includes coverage of the fundamentals of microstructural evolution in titanium alloys Introduces readers to the various Additive Manufacturing Technologies, such as Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) Looks at the future of Titanium Additive Manufacturing Provides a complete review of the science, technology, and applications of Titanium Additive Manufacturing (AM)
Computational welding mechanics (CWM) provides an important technique for modelling welding processes. Welding simulations are a key tool in improving the design and control of welding processes and the performance of welded components or structures. CWM can be used to model phenomena such as heat generation, thermal stresses and large plastic deformations of components or structures. It also has a wider application in modelling thermomechanical and microstructural phenomena in metals. This important book reviews the principles, methods and applications of CWM. The book begins by discussing the physics of welding before going on to review modelling methods and options as well as validation techniques. It also reviews applications in areas such as fatigue, buckling and deformation, improved service life of components and process optimisation. Some of the numerical methods described in the book are illustrated using software available from the author which allows readers to explore CWM in more depth. Computational welding mechanics is a standard work for welding engineers and all those researching welding processes and wider thermomechanical and microstructural phenomena in metals. Highlights the principles, methods and applications of CWM Discusses the physics of welding Assesses modelling methods and validation techniques