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An extensive literature review was made as a part of an effort to establish relationships between the presence of various contaminants within sediments and the effects of sediment dredging and disposal on water quality and aquatic organisms. The review revealed that there is little or no evidence that a relation exists between bulk-sediment composition and pollution tendencies of dredged sediment. Use of criteria for dredged material disposal that are based on parameters normally used in evaluating environmental impact of domestic and industrial waste-waters is unrealistic because it is considered unlikely that there is a relation between environmental impact of a particular dredged sediment and a particular numerical value for any of these parameters in sediment. The use of a standard Elutriate Test to determine pollution potential of dredged material is superior to bulk analysis because the test recognizes that all chemicals in sediment are not equally available to aquatic organisms. It is concluded that dredged material disposal criteria should be based on a time-concentration-toxicity relationship for each chemical constituent, which could be developed from short-term bioassays with selected organisms. (Modified author abstract).
;Contents: Progress report, James River marsh development study; Containment area operations; Marsh development; Dredged material densification; Disposal area reuse; Treatment of contaminated dredged material; Research study for the development of dredged material disposal criteria.
The report presents an assessment of the dredge spoil disposal problem and outlines a research program designed to provide needed information concerning current and potential spoil disposal practices. The report format is intended to reflect the two basic objectives of the report. Section A is directed toward management level review and presents (a) pertinent background information concerning the dredge spoil disposal problem and the current study, (b) conclusions and recommendations resulting from the problem assessment phase of the study, and (c) an outline of the recommended research program. Section B provides an objective assessment of the nationwide problem in sufficient detail to permit meaningful technical review by other interested personnel within and outside the Corps. Section C has been included to show a total-problem organizational structure which is being used to guide the development of the detailed research plan.
The guidance contained in this publication addresses the selection of substances of concern and effects to be determined, field sampling, and physical, chemical and biological analysis, as well as guidelines for the sampling of sediment intended for disposal at sea and the selection and analysis of physical and chemical parameters for the assessment of dredged material quality.--Publisher's description.