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This synthesis report will be of interest to department of transportation ( DOT) administrators, planning supervisors, managers, and staffs, as well as to planning consultants that work with them. It provides information for practitioners interested in the results of attempts to apply multimodal considerations at the statewide level and identifies key research findings. It covers post-ISTEA (Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991) processes and projects and both passenger and freight activities. The report examines the application of three multimodal aspects: alternatives, modal mix, and integration into three statewide planning functions, which include state planning, corridor studies, and financing, budgeting, and programming. The emphasis is on implementation. This report of the Transportation Research Board documents processes and research currently under development, using three approaches: a literature review, results of a survey of state DOTs, and five case studies. It cites the following states with exemplary practices in multimodal/intermodal transportation based on a 1998 report by the policy research project at the University of Texas on Multimodal/ Intermodal Transportation: Florida, Minnesota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Washington, and Wisconsin.
Multimodal planning refers to planning for different modes of transportation (e.g., automobile, bus, bicycles, pedestrian, aviation, rail, waterways) and the connections among them. This study identified states thought to excel in multimodal planning, documented their best practices, and recommended areas for further exploration in Virginia. Two key reports published under the Transportation Research Board's National Cooperative Highway Research Program and telephone interviews of representatives from Florida, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, and Wisconsin revealed a wide range of techniques to improve multimodal planning. The techniques can be grouped into three categories: (1) organization of the state departments of transportation (DOTs), (2) innovations in multimodal practices, and (3) public outreach efforts. In terms of state DOT organization, the states emphasize cooperation and the sharing of modal-specific information, even though some states concentrate planning in one office and other states give planning authority to each mode (and then ensure that the planners work together on key projects, such as corridor efforts). Innovations in multimodal practices include modally blind performance measures and partnerships among state DOTs and metropolitan planning organizations. In terms of public outreach, tactics to broaden the stakeholder base include the provision of 800 numbers for comments; freight advisory committees; community impact workshop assessments to train staff; and charettes, which are goal-oriented, facilitated workshops that help produce consensus-based direction or targets for studies. Although the survey results alone are not sufficiently detailed to provide a clear path to implementation, they do suggest several pilot initiatives that the Virginia DOT should consider exploring. These initiatives include changes to legislation, educational efforts in one suburban district, and application of a set of non-modal specific performance measures in one planning district where state and local interests are likely to be in conflict.
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 811: Institutionalizing Safety in Transportation Planning Processes: Techniques, Tactics, and Strategies provides field-tested guidance on institutionalizing the integration of safety into transportation planning and programming processes. The guidebook also provides ways to measure the effectiveness and success of integration efforts." --
This synthesis will be of interest to transportation planners, environmental analysts, and government officials at the federal, state, regional, and local levels. It describes the state of the practice with respect to the procedures and methodologies used by planning agencies at all levels to plan and evaluate alternative multimodal passenger transportation and to integrate these plans with related land use and environmental issues. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the federal studies and guidelines that are available and presents the findings of an extensive survey of state, regional, and local agencies to identify the evaluation methods that are being used in the practice. Selected case studies for five types of modal evaluation are presented: intercity corridor, regional study, regional screening, urban corridor, and regional programming.
Evidence from the public health sector demonstrates that health care is only one of the determinants of health, which also include genes, behavior, social factors, and the built environment. These contextual elements are key to understanding why health care organizations are motivated to focus beyond their walls and to consider and respond in unprecedented ways to the social needs of patients, including transportation needs. In June 2016 the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a joint workshop to explore partnerships, data, and measurement at the intersection of the health care and transportation sectors. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.