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Examines the theory and practice of monetary policy in South Korea, and how certain policy tools can help manage financial crises.
Preface Chapter 1 Foundation of the Bank of Korea Chapter 2 The Bank of Korea Act Chapter 3 Organization and Functions of the Bank of Korea Chapter 4 Economic Development and the Bank of Korea Chapter 5 The Future Trajectory and Challenges of the Bank of Korea
After years of strong performance, Korea’s economy entered a crisis in 1997, owing largely to structural problems in its financial and corporate sectors. These problems emerged in the second half of that year, when the capital inflows that had helped finance Korea’s growth were reversed, as foreign investors—reeling from losses in other Southeast Asian economies—decided to reduce their exposure to Korea. This paper focuses on the sources of the crisis that originated in the financial sector, the measures taken to deal with it, and the evolution of key banking and financial variables in its aftermath.
The Korean economy has achieved outstanding development not only in its real economy but also in the financial sector. Driven by the expansion in economic size and by the government’s policies to foster the capital markets and increase their openness, the Korean financial market has grown by more than 17 times over the past two decades since the 1990s. Financial market quality has also been greatly enhanced due to efforts to develop the financial infrastructure and improve the transaction techniques. As a result, global interest in the Korean financial market has increased significantly. In reflection of this upgraded international standing of the Korean financial market, the Bank of Korea now publishes this English edition of ?Financial Markets in Korea? for the first time. Initially published in 1999, this book has been revised every two to three years. This English edition is published along with the 2012 revision. Although its arrival is somewhat late, we hope that it will serve readers as a solid introduction to the overall Korean financial market. This book provides an overview of the Korean financial market structure, and of recent developments related to the individual markets. Chapter 1 introduces the structure and size of the financial market as a whole, while Chapters 2 through 4 describe the funding, capital and financial derivatives markets respectively, covering their trading terms and conditions, participants,transaction mechanisms and recent developments. Detailed explanations of recent major issues concerning the financial markets, including notable developments and institutional changes, are also available in the Boxes included throughout the text. It is hoped that this book will provide readers good guidance for a better understanding of Korea’s financial markets. Money markets Ⅰ. Overview Ⅱ. Call market Ⅲ. Repurchase agreement (RP) market Ⅳ. BOK repurchase agreement (RP) market Ⅴ. Certificate of deposit (CD) market Ⅵ. Commercial paper (CP) market Capital markets Ⅰ. Overview Ⅱ. Bond market Ⅲ. Monetary Stabilization Bond market Ⅳ. Asset-backed securities (ABS) market Ⅴ. Stock market Financial derivatives markets Ⅰ. Overview Ⅱ. Equity derivatives market Ⅲ. Interest rate derivatives market Ⅳ. Foreign exchange derivatives market Ⅴ. Credit derivatives market Ⅵ. Derivatives-linked securities market
Asian economies strengthened their monetary and currency management after the Asian financial crisis of 19971998, and came through the global financial crisis of 20072009 relatively well. Nevertheless, the recent global crisis has presented new challenges. This book develops recommendations for monetary and currency policy in Asian economies aimed at promoting macroeconomic and financial stability in an environment of global economic shocks and volatile capital flows. Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia draws lessons from crises and makes concrete macroeconomic policy recommendations aimed at minimizing the impacts of an economic and financial downturn, and setting the stage for an early return to sustainable growth. The focus is on short-term measures related to the cycle. The three main areas addressed are: monetary policy measures, both conventional and unconventional, to achieve both macroeconomic and financial stability; exchange rate policy and foreign exchange reserve management, including the potential for regional cooperation to stabilize currency movements; and ways to ease the constraints on policy resulting from the so-called 'impossible trinity' of fixed exchange rates, open capital accounts and independent monetary policy. This is one of the first books since the global financial crisis to specifically and comprehensively address the implications of the crisis for monetary and currency policy in emerging market economies, especially in Asia. Presenting a broad menu of policy options for financial reform and regulation, the book will be of great interest to finance experts and policymakers in the region as well as academics and researchers of financial and Asian economics as well as economic development.
In 1978, China embarked on a gradual but far-reaching reform of its economic system. This paper focuses on the achievements so far in reforming the financial sector, the legal framework for financial transactions, the payments system, and the monetary policy and foreign exchange system. It also analyzes the tasks ahead to achieve the goals set in these areas for the year 2000.
An IMF paper reviewing the policy responses of Indonesia, Korea and Thailand to the 1997 Asian crisis, comparing the actions of these three countries with those of Malaysia and the Philippines. Although all judgements are still tentative, important lessons can be learned from the experiences of the last two years.
This book chronicles how Korea dealt with and overcame the crisis over time. The book is organized into eleven chapters. Chapter one outlines the troubling financial market conditions at home and abroad before the crisis. Chapter two then delves into the origin of the crisis and offers analyses on the shortcomings of the Korean economy and the instability of the international financial system. In chapter three, policy measures the government executed in the wake of the onset of the crisis are described and analyzed. Chapter four probes the steps taken to reduce the risk of sovereign insolvency in the face of the cool market reaction to the initial package of crisis response measures announced by the International Monetary Fund in December 1997. Chapter five describes the background within which the government established the institutional framework necessary for corporate, financial, and labor market restructuring between December 1997 and April 1998. The government efforts to secure additional foreign currency liquidity through the markets and to devise initiatives to counter the massive unemployment are discussed in detail. In chapter six, the situation during May and June 1998 is explored with a focus on the closure of nonviable corporate and financial companies and the efforts to drive down interest rates and revive credit flows. This is followed, in chapter seven, by an analysis of the first phase of financial sector restructuring, which started in the third quarter of 1998, and the measures adopted to shore up potential growth and cope with the pressing problem of unemployment. Chapters eight and nine deal separately with the restructuring of the top five chaebols (the large family-controlled and family-run groups that dominate business in Korea), the economic stimulus packages applied during the fourth quarter of 1998, the efforts to restore financial market stability and economic growth, and the initial phase of foreign exchange liberalization measures, which were implemented during the first half of 1999. Chapter ten then discusses the situation during the second half of 1999, with a particular focus on the collapse of the Daewoo business group, including the steps taken to contain the resulting fallout, as well as measures aimed at expanding the economic recovery. Chapter eleven, the final chapter, offers a diagnosis of the Korean economy, along with an analysis of the policy implications and the responses for the future.
This study is among the first to examine the theory and practice of monetary policy in South Korea. Woosik Moon provides a detailed analysis of the central bank of South Korea, one of the most successful and important economies in Asia. He covers everything from monetary policy to inflation targeting and macroprudential regulation, explaining how these policy tools were used to deal with the aftermath of the 2007-2011 financial crisis. He then brings his study into our current moment, speculating as to how the use of these policies will change in order to deal with the fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic. This book offers in-depth investigations and the provision of the most up-to-date information about the Bank of Korea's monetary and financial actions, serving as essential reading for central bankers and professionals of financial markets around the world, as well as anyone interested in monetary policy-making.