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Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - Region: Western Europe, grade: 1.3, Free University of Berlin, language: English, abstract: This study assumes the validity of liberal intergovernmentalism (LI) theory and follows Ingebritsen‘s sectoral approach. The thesis under investigation is formulated as follows: While the fishing industry in Norway constantly succeed in intervening in national policy-making towards European integration, Icelandic fishermen lost access to governing parties after the sudden change of government in 2009. Consequently they failed to prevent the government from filing the EU membership application. Iceland and Norway have traditionally been referred to as “outsiders” or even “outliers” in the process of European Integration (Miles 2005). While Iceland had not applied for EU membership until 2009, the Norwegian public rejected the country ́s accession twofold in a referendum, first 1972 and again in 1994. Since the mid-1990s, both states have nevertheless been highly affiliated to the EU project through their participation in the European Economic Area (EEA). Additionally, both countries experienced similar developments concerning political representation since 1994, with long-serving Eurosceptic center-right governments, which were replaced by pro-European center-left governments after the turn of the millennium. The electorate in Norway brought a coalition government of Labor, Socialists and Center Party to power in 2005, which was reelected four years later. In Iceland, a coalition of social democrats and Left-Green Movement replaced the conservative government in 2009. How did it come that Iceland for the first time in history applied for EU membership after the change in government while Norway did not?
This three-volume Manual on International Maritime Law presents a systematic analysis of the history and contemporary development of international maritime law by leading contributors from across the world. Prepared in cooperation with the International Maritime Law Institute, the International Maritime Organization's research and training institute, this a uniquely comprehensive study of this fundamental area of international law. Volume I: The Law of the Sea addresses the major issues which arise in the law of the sea. It provides a detailed understanding of the historical development of the law of the sea; the role of the International Maritime Organization; the law surrounding maritime zones; the legal regime of islands; the international sea-bed area; the legal regime governing marine scientific research; the rights and obligations of land-locked and geographically disadvantaged states; the legal regime of Arctic and Antarctic; and the settlements of disputes. This volume also considers the ways in which human rights and the law of the sea interact. The forthcoming Volume II will address shipping law; Volume III will provide analysis of marine environmental law and maritime security law. The full three-volume Manual will set out the entirety of international maritime law, re-stating and re-examining its fundamental principles, how it is enacted, and the issues that are shaping its future. It will be a superlative resource for those working with or studying this area of law.
Since the third edition of this commentary on the Charter of the United Nations was published in 2012, the text of the Charter has not changed DL but the world has. Central pillars of the international order enshrined in the UN Charter are facing serious challenges, notably the prohibition of the use of force. Human rights, too, have come under increasing pressure, now also from contemporary information technology. Global warming poses fundamental challenges for the world community as a whole in its effort to stabilize global ecosystems. Fully updated, the commentary takes up these and other developments. It features new chapters on Climate Change and the Human Rights Council. The commentary remains the authoritative, article-by-article account of the legislative history, interpretation, and practical application of each and every Charter provision. Written by a team of distinguished scholars and practitioners, this book combines academic research with the insights of practice. It is an indispensable tool of reference for all those interested in the United Nations and its legal significance for the world community. The Commentary will be crucial in combining solid legal foundations with new directions for the development of international law and the United Nations in the twenty-first century
This volume collects the materials underlying the International Colloquium “Conciliation in the Globalized World of Today“, held on 11 and 12 June 2015 in Vienna under the auspices of the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration within the OSCE. The aim of the Colloquium was to examine the merits and possible shortcomings of this method of conflict resolution, and it concluded that the pros heavily outweigh the cons. This volume therefore draws the attention of everyone dealing with conflict management to those advantages. It does not end by providing a summary of conclusions to be drawn from the examination of the rules governing the OSCE Court and the practice of the other institutions considered. The reader will have to find out her/himself what experiences have been made in other fields where conciliation has been institutionalized as a dispute-settlement procedure. In this regard, the present book constitutes a treasury of lessons that cannot easily be brought down to a common denominator.
International Law presents a student-focused approach to the subject; clearly written with non-native English-speaking students in mind, a range of learning features highlight the areas of debate and encourage students to engage critically with key disputes. It provides comprehensive and concise coverage of the central issues in public international law, making this an ideal textbook for students taking short, introductory courses at European law schools with clear and accessible explanations of the core concepts. This textbook takes a critical perspective on various aspects of international law, introducing the controversies and areas of debate without assuming students' prior knowledge of the topics discussed in an easy-to-follow style. There are supporting learning features, including central issues boxes, chapter summaries, recommended reading, and discussion questions highlight the essential points and encourage students to engage with the legal disputes. Digital formats and resources The third edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. - The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks - Short author podcasts introducing the core topics - Advice on answering the Questions for Discussion at the end of each chapter - Links to other international law resources