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Since 1963, the Texas Symposia have been a biennial, peripatetic forum for forefront developments on a wide range of topics in relativistic astrophysics, from pulsars to string theory, from the birth of the universe to the death of stars. The 26 plenary lectures, 230 parallel session talks and 265 poster presentations attest to the scientific vitality of this interdisciplinary field.
Since 1963, the Texas Symposia have been a biennial, peripatetic forum for forefront de developments on a wide range of topics in relativistic astrophysics, from pulsars to string theory, from the birth of the universe to the death of stars. The 26 plenary lectures, 230 parallel session talks and 265 poster presentations attest to the scientific vitality of this interdisciplinary field.
This volume is a collection of lectures on the current topics in various areas of physics which were presented at the Inauguration Conference of Asia-Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics.
The Marcel Grossmann meetings were conceived to promote theoretical understanding in the fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics and to direct future technological, observational, and experimental efforts. They review recent developments in gravitation and general relativity, with major emphasis on mathematical foundations and physical predictions. Their main objective is to bring together scientists from diverse backgrounds and their range of topics is broad, from more abstract classical theory and quantum gravity and strings to more concrete relativistic astrophysics observations and modeling. This Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting was organized by an international committee composed of D Blair, Y Choquet-Bruhat, D Christodoulou, T Damour, J Ehlers, F Everitt, Fang Li Zhi, S Hawking, Y Ne'eman, R Ruffini (chair), H Sato, R Sunyaev, and S Weinberg and backed by an international coordinating committee of about 135 members from scientific institutions representing 54 countries. The scientific program included 29 morning plenary talks during 6 days, and 57 parallel sessions over five afternoons, during which roughly 500 papers were presented. These three volumes of the proceedings of MG10 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitation, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. Sample Chapter(s) Part A: Plenary and Review Talks The Initial Value Problem Using Metric and Extrinsic Curvature (566k) Part B: Plenary and Review Talks The Largest Optical Telescopes: Today VLT; Tomorrow Owl. (951k) Part C: Parallel Sessions Numerical Simulation of General Relativistic Stellar Collapse (1,337k) Contents: The Initial Value Problem Using Metric and Extrinsic Curvature "(J W York Jr)"Mathematics, Physics and Ping-Pong "(Y Ne'eman)"Thermal Decay of the Cosmological Constant into Black Holes "(C Teitelboim)"Structure Formation in the Universe by Exact Methods "(A Krasinski & C Hellaby)"Overview of D-brane Worlds in String Theory "(A M Uranga)"Tachyons, D-brane Decay, and Closed Strings "(B Zwiebach)"String Compactifications -- Old and New "(A Dabholkar)"Covariant Quantization of the Superstring "(N Berkovits)"Limiting Braneworlds with the Binary Pulsar "(R Durrer & P Kocian)"Cosmological Instabilities from Vector Perturbations in Braneworlds "(R Durrer et al.)"Principles of Affine Quantum Gravity "(J R Klauder)"Developments in GRworkbench "(A Moylan et al.)"Constants of Nature? "(H B Sandvik)"Gravitational Wave Detection: A Survey of the Worldwide Program "(J Degallaix & D Blair)"Evidence for Coincident Events Between the Gravitational Wave Detectors EXPLORER and NAUTILUS "(G Pizzella)"The LIGO Gravitational Wave Observatories: Recent Results and Future Plans "(G M Harry et al.)"General Relativity in Space and Sensitive Tests of the Equivalence Principle "(C Lammerzahl)"Multiwavelength Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts "(E Pian)"Black Hole Physics and Astrophysics: The GRB-Supernova Connection and URCA-1 -- URCA-2 "(R Ruffini et al.)"Black Holes from the Dark Ages: Exploring the Reionization Era and Early Structure Formation with Quasars and Gamma-Ray Bursts "(S G Djorgovski)"The Diagnostic Power of X-Ray Emission Lines in GRBs "(M Bottcher)"
This authoritative book presents the theoretical development of gravitational physics as it applies to the dynamics of celestial bodies and the analysis of precise astronomical observations. In so doing, it fills the need for a textbook that teaches modern dynamical astronomy with a strong emphasis on the relativistic aspects of the subject produced by the curved geometry of four-dimensional spacetime. The first three chapters review the fundamental principles of celestial mechanics and of special and general relativity. This background material forms the basis for understanding relativistic reference frames, the celestial mechanics of N-body systems, and high-precision astrometry, navigation, and geodesy, which are then treated in the following five chapters. The final chapter provides an overview of the new field of applied relativity, based on recent recommendations from the International Astronomical Union. The book is suitable for teaching advanced undergraduate honors programs and graduate courses, while equally serving as a reference for professional research scientists working in relativity and dynamical astronomy. The authors bring their extensive theoretical and practical experience to the subject. Sergei Kopeikin is a professor at the University of Missouri, while Michael Efroimsky and George Kaplan work at the United States Naval Observatory, one of the world?s premier institutions for expertise in astrometry, celestial mechanics, and timekeeping.
Scientific and popular literature on modern cosmology is very extensive; however, scholarly works on the historical development of cosmology are few and scattered. The Oxford Handbook of the History of Modern Cosmology offers a comprehensive and authoritative account of the history of cosmology from the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. It provides historical background to what we know about the universe today, including not only the successes but also the many false starts. Big Bang theory features prominently, but so does the defunct steady state theory. The book starts with a chapter on the pre-Einstein period (1860-1910) and ends with chapters on modern developments such as inflation, dark energy and multiverse hypotheses. The chapters are organized chronologically, with some focusing on theory and others more on observations and technological advances. A few of the chapters discuss more general ideas, relating to larger contexts such as politics, economy, philosophy and world views.
Justbefore the preliminary programof Orbis Scientiae 1998 went to press the news in physics was suddenly dominated by the discovery that neutrinos are, after all, massive particles. This was predicted by some physicists including Dr. Behram Kusunoglu, who had apaper published on this subject in 1976 in the Physical Review. Massive neutrinos do not necessarily simplify the physics of elementary particles but they do give elementary particle physics a new direction. If the dark matter content ofthe universe turns out to consist ofneutrinos, the fact that they are massive should make an impact on cosmology. Some of the papers in this volume have attempted to provide answers to these questions. We have a long way to go before we find the real reasons for nature’s creation of neutrinos. Another neutrino-related event was the passing of their discoverer, Fredrick Reines: The trustees of the Global Foundation, members of the Orbis Scientiae 1998, dedicate this conference to Fredrick Reines of the University of California at Irvine. The late Professor Reines was a loyal and active member of these series of conferences on the frontiers of physics and cosmology since 1964. He also sewed as one of the trustees of the Global Foundation for the past three years. Professor Reines discovered the most elusive particle, the neutrino, in 1954. We are proud to say that we recognized the importance of this discovery by awarding him the J.
The Marcel Grossmann Meetings seek to further the development of the foundations and applications of Einstein's general relativity by promoting theoretical understanding in the relevant fields of physics, mathematics, astronomy and astrophysics and to direct future technological, observational, and experimental efforts. The meetings discuss recent developments in classical and quantum aspects of gravity, and in cosmology and relativistic astrophysics, with major emphasis on mathematical foundations and physical predictions, having the main objective of gathering scientists from diverse backgrounds for deepening our understanding of spacetime structure and reviewing the current state of the art in the theory, observations and experiments pertinent to relativistic gravitation. The range of topics is broad, going from the more abstract classical theory, quantum gravity, branes and strings, to more concrete relativistic astrophysics observations and modeling.The three volumes of the proceedings of MG13 give a broad view of all aspects of gravitational physics and astrophysics, from mathematical issues to recent observations and experiments. The scientific program of the meeting included 33 morning plenary talks during 6 days, and 75 parallel sessions over 4 afternoons. Volume A contains plenary and review talks ranging from the mathematical foundations of classical and quantum gravitational theories including recent developments in string/brane theories, to precision tests of general relativity including progress towards the detection of gravitational waves, and from supernova cosmology to relativistic astrophysics including such topics as gamma ray bursts, black hole physics both in our galaxy and in active galactic nuclei in other galaxies, and neutron star and pulsar astrophysics. Volumes B and C include parallel sessions which touch on dark matter, neutrinos, X-ray sources, astrophysical black holes, neutron stars, binary systems, radiative transfer, accretion disks, quasors, gamma ray bursts, supernovas, alternative gravitational theories, perturbations of collapsed objects, analog models, black hole thermodynamics, numerical relativity, gravitational lensing, large scale structure, observational cosmology, early universe models and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, inhomogeneous cosmology, inflation, global structure, singularities, chaos, Einstein-Maxwell systems, wormholes, exact solutions of Einstein's equations, gravitational waves, gravitational wave detectors and data analysis, precision gravitational measurements, quantum gravity and loop quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, strings and branes, self-gravitating systems, gamma ray astronomy, and cosmic rays and the history of general relativity.