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In 1913, the Algoma Eastern Railway swing bridge at Little Current was constructed as part of a 140km rail link from Sudbury to Little Current linking Manitoulin Island to mainland Ontario. It is the only land link between Manitoulin and the mainland. The Little Current Swing Bridge, representing the best in contemporary engineering, was listed in the Ontario Heritage Bridge program in 1983. It is a rare survivor with much of its mechanisms remaining and in working order. 175m long, it consists of two 21.7m fixed girder spans, a 113m through truss swing span with equal arms, and an 18.6m fixed girder span. The large 850t swing span (one of the largest in Canada) rotates on a centre pier. In 1945, the bridge was converted to dual use and in 1982, when acquired by MTO, it was restricted to vehicular traffic. Over the years, it has undergone minor modifications yet still retains most of its major elements. In 1999, MTO retained Stantec to design the modernization and automation of the operation of the 86 year old structure because of concerns about its operational reliability. Being a Heritage structure, the operation, outward appearance and colour had to be maintained. A sophisticated design resulted, allowing complete operation of the bridge by the push of a button. Mechanical rehabilitation consisted of replacement of the main and wedge drive systems with a more direct drive system located under the swing span to improve efficiency and reliability. For the covering abstract of this conference see ITRD number E211271.
Chicago River Bridges presents the untold history and development of Chicago's iconic bridges, from the first wood footbridge built by a tavern owner in 1832 to the fantastic marvels of steel, concrete, and machinery of today. It is the story of Chicago as seen through its bridges, for it has been the bridges that proved critical in connecting and reconnecting the people, industry, and neighborhoods of a city that is constantly remaking itself. In this book, author Patrick T. McBriarty shows how generations of Chicagoans built (and rebuilt) the thriving city trisected by the Chicago River and linked by its many crossings. The first comprehensive guidebook of these remarkable features of Chicago's urban landscape, Chicago River Bridges chronicles more than 175 bridges spanning 55 locations along the Main Channel, South Branch, and North Branch of the Chicago River. With new full-color photography of the existing bridges by Kevin Keeley and Laura Banick and more than one hundred black and white images of bridges past, the book unearths the rich history of Chicago's downtown bridges from the Michigan Avenue Bridge to the often forgotten bridges that once connected thoroughfares such as Rush, Erie, Taylor, and Polk Streets. Throughout, McBriarty delivers new research into the bridges' architectural designs, engineering innovations, and their impact on Chicagoans' daily lives. Describing the structure and mechanics of various kinds of moveable bridges (including vertical-lift, Scherer rolling lift, and Strauss heel trunnion mechanisms) in a manner that is accessible and still satisfying to the bridge aficionado, he explains how the dominance of the "Chicago-style" bascule drawbridge influenced the style and mechanics of bridges worldwide. Interspersed throughout are the human dramas that played out on and around the bridges, such as the floods of 1849 and 1992, the cattle crossing collapse of the Rush Street Bridge, or Vincent "The Schemer" Drucci's Michigan Avenue Bridge jump. A confluence of Chicago history, urban design, and engineering lore, Chicago River Bridges illustrates Chicago's significant contribution to drawbridge innovation and the city's emergence as the drawbridge capital of the world. It is perfect for any reader interested in learning more about the history and function of Chicago's many and varied bridges. The introduction won The Henry N. Barkhausen Award for original research in the field of Great Lakes maritime history sponsored by the Association for Great Lakes Maritime History.
"[A historical study that] breaks down the history of marine navigation in Canada into three broad categories of technology: shipboard navigation, charting, and shore-based navigational aids"--Page v.
This book comprehensively examines right-wing extremism (RWE) in Canada, discussing the lengthy history of violence and distribution, ideological bases, actions, organizational capacity and connectivity of these extremist groups. It explores the current landscape, the factors that give rise to and minimise these extremist groups, strategies for countering these groups, and the emergence of the ‘Alt-Right’. It draws on interviews with law enforcement officials, community activists, and current and former right-wing activists to inform and offer practical advice, paired with analyses of open source intelligence on the state of the RWE movement in Canada. The historical and contemporary contours of right-wing extremism in Canada are situated within the social, political, and cultural landscape that has shaped the movement. It will be of particular interest to students and researchers of criminology, sociology, social justice, terrorism and political violence.
Also known as the Hawthorn-Tremblay report.
From the Preface: The chapters of this book contain contributions from an international group of specialists. They address some important themes in both modern and ancient reef systems. Some chapters contain `snapshots' of reefs of particular intervals, while others touch on relevant themes of both modern and ancient reefs - themes that weave their way through reefs of all ages. This book opens and sets the stage with an introduction to both modern and ancient reefs and reef ecosystems. This chapter is also intended as a basic introduction for students, general geologists, and professionals or others who may be unfamiliar with reefs and reef ecosystems. The chapter addresses the living coral reef ecosystem, stressing among other relevant factors, the importance of ecological and physical interactions between the organisms and their environment. The chapter also addresses mass extinction and provides a general overview of the history of reefs.
In these pages you will find reproduced the entire contents of the CatherineHennessey.com, written over three years from 2000 to 2003. While the archive of the weblog continues to live online, this is not an easy medium for contemplative reading and, as Catherine would tell you if you asked, itâs liable to just up and disappear one day, electrons and computers being what they are. So, if nothing else, in committing Catherineâs words to paper I hope to provide them with a longer-lasting home.The notion of a âblogâ was very new in 2000: Catherine was one of the first âbloggers,â on PEI or anywhere. So what you read here, on top of everything else, is part of the shaping of a new medium.These words provide so much insight into Catherine and the Charlotte Town she loves so dearly.