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Bovine Reproduction is a comprehensive, current reference providing information on all aspects of reproduction in the bull and cow. Offering fundamental knowledge on evaluating and restoring fertility in the bovine patient, the book also places information in the context of herd health where appropriate for a truly global view of bovine theriogenology. Printed in full color throughout, the book includes 83 chapters and more than 550 images, making it the most exhaustive reference available on this topic. Each section covers anatomy and physiology, breeding management, and reproductive surgery, as well as obstetrics and pregnancy wastage in the cow. Bovine Reproduction is a welcome resource for bovine practitioners, theriogenologists, and animal scientists, as well as veterinary students and residents with an interest in the cow.
Hypotheses regarding development of dominant follicles during a bovine estrous cycle; Inhibin and ovarian function; Development of preovulatory follicles in the cow from luteolysis until ovulation; Follicular development in heifers chronically treated with bromocryptine; ...
Abstract: Fundamental aspects of the use of estradiol benzoate (EB) to regulate ovarian follicular development were investigated in cattle. Three experiments examined the impact of stage of follicular maturity on the ability of EB to induce estrus, ovulation and normal luteal function in prepubertal heifers, estrous cycling heifers and anestrous cows. The negative consequences of attempting to synchronize estrus/ovulation without regulating follicular development were clearly demonstrated in anestrous cows. The presence of an immature follicle at the time of applying an ovulatory stimulus, resulted in estrus without ovulation, or decreased function of the subsequently formed corpus luteum if ovulation did occur. This sensitivity was not apparent in heifers. Another three experiments examined histological and functional changes associated with EB-induced atresia in the dominant follicle (DF). A rapid and sustained loss in the capacity of the DF to produce estradiol was promoted by treatment with EB. These effects were associated with decreased circulating concentrations of LH or FSH. A primary target for this atretogenic action was aromatase. The DF of EB treated heifers had fewer granulosa cells, although no differences were observed in the rate of apoptosis or expression of apoptotic triggers (Fas/FasL). This approach could serve as a useful model to further investigate the process of ovarian follicular atresia. The final experiment examined the DF-independent action of EB in regulating the timing of new follicular development by aspirating the DF on the ovaries of cows and then administering various doses of EB. Timing of follicular emergence and the rise in FSH that precedes emergence were delayed in a dose dependent manner. Clearance of estradiol from circulation to allow for a rise in FSH was a key factor in determining the timing of new follicular development. These studies demonstrate that follicular development needs to be regulated to successfully synchronize estrus/ovulation. Induction of atresia in the DF is rapidly achieved at the cellular and molecular levels; therefore, the variation in timing of new follicular development is dependent on clearance of estradiol from circulation. Further studies should aim at developing an approach where this pre-emergence rise in FSH is more tightly regulated.
The Ovary, Third Edition, includes more than 60% new material that highlights the clinical aspects of human ovarian functions. It covers advances in the areas of genomics, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer diagnosis and treatment. This updated edition synthesizes new information at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, while also presenting modern ovarian physiology in a more understandable and comparative context. The book looks at ovarian function from a detailed molecular and cellular level that examines all phases of the ovarian lifecycle that places special emphasis on the pathophysiology of the human ovary, including ovarian carcinogenesis. Represents an unparalleled compilation of chapters that are relevant to contemporary ovarian physiology Provides basic and clinical research on ovarian function, abnormalities, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer Highlights contemporary strategies and treatment paradigms in female factor infertility
Our knowledge of reproductive biology has increased enormously in recent years on cellular, molecular, and genetic levels, leading to significant breakthroughs that have directly benefitted in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in humans and animal systems. Animal Models and Human Reproduction presents a comprehensive reference that reflects the latest scientific research being done in human reproductive biology utilizing domestic animal models. Chapters on canine, equine, cow, pig, frog, and mouse models of reproduction reflect frontier research in placental biology, ovarian function and fertility, non-coding RNAs in gametogenesis, oocyte and embryo metabolism, fertilization, cryopreservation, signal transduction pathways, chromatin dynamics, epigenetics, reproductive aging, and inflammation. Chapters on non-human primate models also highlight recent advancements into such issues as human in vitro fertilization (IVF) and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This book offers animal scientists, reproductive biology scientists, clinicians and practitioners, invaluable insights into a wide range of issues at the forefront of human reproductive health.