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The Forest Regeneration Manual presents state-of-the-art information about current regeneration practices for southern pines in the United States. Over 1.2 billion seedlings of five major species -- loblolly, slash, longleaf, sand, and shortleaf -- are planted each year. In 22 chapters, the Manual details fundamental steps in establishing successful young pine plantations: regeneration planning, including economic and legal aspects; regeneration harvest methods; propagation by seed and vegetative techniques; bareroot and container seedling culturing in the nursery; measures of seedling quality; site potential; -- environment, associated vegetation, soils; matching species to sites; site preparation -- mechanical and chemical methods, fire, fertilization; seedling handling before planting; planting practices and measures of regeneration success; promoting early plantation growth and management of competing vegetation, insects, disease, and wildlife.
A survey of recently seeded and planted jack pine stands was undertaken to estimate the cost effectiveness of various establishment techniques. The survey included 37 5-9-year-old jack pine stands in northwestern Ontario that were assessed using aerial photography. The stands represented the common regeneration methods of aerial and precision seeding on furrows, aerial and precision seeding on intermittent scalps, and planting. The survey areas also represented three site types based on depth of mineral soil to bedrock ranging from shallow to deep.