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An original, comparative analysis of the politics of asylum seeking and migration in the Middle East and North Africa, using Egypt, Morocco and Turkey to explore why, and for what gain, host states treat migrants and refugees with indifference.
In recent decades, the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) has experienced more frequent and severe conflicts than in any other region of the world, exacting a devastating human toll. The region now faces unprecedented challenges, including the emergence of violent non-state actors, significant destruction, and a refugee crisis bigger than any since World War II. This paper raises awareness of the economic costs of conflicts on the countries directly involved and on their neighbors. It argues that appropriate macroeconomic policies can help mitigate the impact of conflicts in the short term, and that fostering higher and more inclusive growth can help address some of the root causes of conflicts over the long term. The paper also highlights the crucial role of external partners, including the IMF, in helping MENA countries tackle these challenges.
With a focus on the residents of three refugee camps, “Gabiam’s nuanced study of Syria’s Palestinian community is an engaging and informative read” (Journal of Palestine Studies). The Politics of Suffering examines the confluence of international aid, humanitarian relief, and economic development within the space of the Palestinian refugee camp. Nell Gabiam describes the interactions between UNRWA, the United Nations agency charged with providing assistance to Palestinians since the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, and residents of three camps in Syria. Over time, UNRWA’s management of the camps reveals a shift from an emphasis on humanitarian aid to promotion of self-sufficiency and integration of refugees within their host society. Gabiam’s analysis captures two forces in tension within the camps: politics of suffering that serves to keep alive the discourse around the Palestinian right of return; and politics of citizenship expressed through development projects that seek to close the divide between the camp and the city. Gabiam also offers compelling insights into the plight of Palestinians before and during the Syrian war, which has led to devastation in the camps and massive displacement of their populations.
Ahsan Ullah provides an insightful analysis of migration and displacement in the Middle East and North Africa. He examines the intricate relationship of these phenomena with human rights, safety concerns and issues of identity crisis and identity formation.
Preface -- Acknowledgments --Introduction -- Generations reunite in Arbeen, Syria -- Seed to the wind : The first wave of Arab immigration (1878-1924) -- The Stuff of Myths: Arab Adventurers in the New World -- The Withered Cedar: Why the Arabs Left Syria and Lebanon -- Who Am I? The Syrians Dock in America -- Transplanting the fig tree: The first generation on American soil (1924-1947) -- The Depression and the Syrian Americans -- World War II -- Making a Name: First-Generation Notables -- The Palestine debacle: The second wave of Arab immigration (1948-1966) -- Syrian Americans React to the Brewing Palestine Conflict -- Immigrants from a Lost Palestine -- Other Second Wave Immigrants from Arab Regimes -- The third wave: West Bank captured, Lebanon torn asunder, The Iran-Iraq War (1967-1989) -- Iraqis, Yemenis, and Egyptian Copts -- Third Wave Palestinians and Lebanese -- The political awakening (1972-1982) -- The Association of Arab American University Graduates (AAUG) -- The National Association of Arab Americans (NAAA) -- The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) -- Before the Flames -- The Israeli Invasion of Lebanon -- Stumbling toward peace (1986-2000) -- The Cases of Alex Odeh and the L.A. 8 -- The Coleico Doll and the First Intifadah -- The First Gulf War Triggers Hate Crimes -- The Oslo Peace Process -- Access White House or Affirmative Action? -- The Death of Oslo and the Second Intifadah -- After the flames: Arab Americans and American fear (2001-2004) -- September 11 and the Patriot Act -- What do Arab Americans Want? -- Ongoing Achievement -- To Be or Not to Be Arab American: A Look at the Literature -- A celebration of community -- Center of the World (Washington, DC) -- Food You Can Trust (Detroit) -- Dance over the Death Home (Brooklyn) -- The Slave of Balfour House (Vicksburg) -- The Sunni Who Sells Insurance (Cedar Rapids) -- The Mosque and the Prairie (Ross, North Dakota) -- A Porch in Pasadena (California) -- Appendixes: Number of Arrivals in the United States from Turkey in Asia, by Sex, 1869-1898 -- Number of Arrivals from Syria in the United States by Sex, 1899-1924 -- Arab Immigration to the United States, 1948-2003 -- Arab Eastern Rite Christian, Muslim, and Druze Population in the United States -- Notes -- Glossary -- Bibliography -- Index.
This Handbook draws together leading and emerging scholars to provide a comprehensive critical analysis of international refugee law. This book provides an account as well as a critique of the status quo, setting the agenda for future research in the field.
About the separate trajectories of the Levant, the Gulf, Egypt and the Maghreb after the Arab Spring uprisings
This volume explores the extent to which forced migration has become a feature of life in the Middle East and North Africa. Papers are grouped around four related themes: displacement, repatriation, identity in exile, and refugee policy, providing a significant contribution to this developing, highly pertinent area of contemporary research.
This ground-breaking book is one of the first to analyse the important phenomenon of South-South educational migration for refugees. It focuses particularly on South-South scholarship programmes in Cuba and Libya, which have granted free education to children, adolescents and young adults from two of the world’s most protracted refugee situations: Sahrawis and Palestinians. Through in-depth multi-sited fieldwork conducted with and about Sahrawi and Palestinian refugee students in Cuba and Libya, and following their return to the desert-based Sahrawi refugee camps in Algeria and the urban Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon, this highly pertinent study brings refugees’ views and voices to the forefront and sheds a unique light on their understandings of self-sufficiency, humanitarianism and hospitality. It critically assesses the impact of diverse policies designed to maximise self-sufficiency and to reduce both brain drain and ongoing dependency upon Northern aid providers, exploring the extent to which South-South scholarship systems have challenged the power imbalances that typically characterise North to South development models. Finally, this very timely study discusses the impact of the Arab Spring on Libya’s support mechanisms for Sahrawi and Palestinian refugees, and considers the changing nature of Cuba’s educational model in light of major ongoing political, ideological and economic shifts in the island state, asking whether there is a future for such alternative programmes and initiatives. This book will be a valuable resource for students, researchers and practitioners in the areas of migration studies, refugee studies, comparative education, development and humanitarian studies, international relations, and regional studies (Latin America, Middle East, and North Africa).
Maritime migration : a wicked problem / Kathleen Newland -- Case study : unauthorized maritime migration in Europe and the Mediterranean region / Elizabeth Collett -- Case study : unauthorized maritime migration in the Bay of Bengal / Kathleen Newland -- Case study : unauthorized maritime migration in the Gulf of aden and the Red Sea / Kate Hooper -- Case study : the maritime approaches to Australia / Kathleen Newland -- Case study : maritime migration in the United States and the Caribbean / Kathleen Newland and Sarah Flamm