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This manual prepares HVAC-R technicians with the knowledge needed to respond professionally to current and future environmental challenges. It begins with discussion of HVAC fundamentals and core topics, such as: refrigerant chemistry, oils, ozone depletion, global warming, and the Montreal protocol. Subsequent sections, each conveniently organized around a specific certification type, allow readers to delve into specific technical information, regulations, and procedures pertaining to small appliances; recovery, recycling, and reclaim; and chillers. Relevant forms, logs, and reports, plus a comprehensive glossary, are also included in handy appendices. In a field where technology change is the norm, and regulations are increasingly requiring HVAC-R technicians to adopt new procedures in order to contend with environmental problems, this manual serves as both an effective test preparation guide and an indispensable professional field reference.
Formidable challenges confront Australia and its human settlements: the mega-metro regions, major and provincial cities, coastal, rural and remote towns. The key drivers of change and major urban vulnerabilities have been identified and principal among them are resource-constraints, such as oil, water, food, skilled labour and materials, and carbon-constraints, linked to climate change and a need to transition to renewable energy, both of which will strongly shape urban development this century. Transitions identifies 21st century challenges to the resilience of Australia’s cities and regions that flow from a range of global and local influences, and offers a portfolio of solutions to these critical problems and vulnerabilities. The solutions will require fundamental transitions in many instances: to our urban infrastructures, to our institutions and how they plan for the future, and perhaps most of all to ourselves in terms of our lifestyles and consumption patterns. With contributions from 92 researchers – all leaders in their respective fields – this book offers the expertise to chart pathways for a sustainability transition.
• New York Times bestseller • The 100 most substantive solutions to reverse global warming, based on meticulous research by leading scientists and policymakers around the world “At this point in time, the Drawdown book is exactly what is needed; a credible, conservative solution-by-solution narrative that we can do it. Reading it is an effective inoculation against the widespread perception of doom that humanity cannot and will not solve the climate crisis. Reported by-effects include increased determination and a sense of grounded hope.” —Per Espen Stoknes, Author, What We Think About When We Try Not To Think About Global Warming “There’s been no real way for ordinary people to get an understanding of what they can do and what impact it can have. There remains no single, comprehensive, reliable compendium of carbon-reduction solutions across sectors. At least until now. . . . The public is hungry for this kind of practical wisdom.” —David Roberts, Vox “This is the ideal environmental sciences textbook—only it is too interesting and inspiring to be called a textbook.” —Peter Kareiva, Director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA In the face of widespread fear and apathy, an international coalition of researchers, professionals, and scientists have come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. One hundred techniques and practices are described here—some are well known; some you may have never heard of. They range from clean energy to educating girls in lower-income countries to land use practices that pull carbon out of the air. The solutions exist, are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are currently enacting them with skill and determination. If deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, they represent a credible path forward, not just to slow the earth’s warming but to reach drawdown, that point in time when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere peak and begin to decline. These measures promise cascading benefits to human health, security, prosperity, and well-being—giving us every reason to see this planetary crisis as an opportunity to create a just and livable world.
The 2002 assessment report, produced under the Montreal Protocol on ozone depleting substances, finds that technical progress has been made by the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump industry to comply with requirements to phase out CFCs and in several applications, HCFCs as well. However, there is still a significant amount of installed refrigeration equipment still using CFCs and HCFCs, and so service demand remains high and is best minimised by preventive service, containment, retrofit, recovery and recycling.