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Reform of the EU sugar Regime : Second report of session 2005-06, Vol. 2: Oral and written Evidence
Presents an overview of world and European sugar markets and how they have evolved and using an economic model, analyzes the impact that liberalisation of markets might have.
This report is the conclusion of the Committee's short, follow-up inquiry following 2005's 'Too Much or Too Little? Changes to the EU Sugar Regime', (HLP 80-I, 2005-06, ISBN 9780104007716) published when reform of the regime was imminent. The Committee wanted to examine the progress of reform and what measures will be necessary in future, prior to the EU finalising its position on this issue in the autumn. After the last set of reforms took place, the price of sugar in the EU decreased. However, this was just for the growers and the producers - the cost to the consumer actually increased, meaning they did not reap the benefits of the decrease in sugar prices. The sugar market has very few significant operators. For consumers primarily, but for the industry too, the pricing process needs clarity and transparency. The Committee believes that an investigation by the UK's Office of Fair Trading would be an excellent way of providing independent advice to the Commission on how the process impacts on UK consumers.Other recommendations include the abolition of production quotas in 2015, that import tariffs on raw and refined sugar are eased and that the European Commission carefully monitors the disbursement of funding set aside to help lessen the impact of the 2006 reforms on developing countries to combat the delays that have been experienced thus far.
This report provides an overview of the main characteristics and structure of the current Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and its developments in the last 25 years.
The Oxford Handbook of the European Union brings together numerous acknowledged specialists in their field to provide a comprehensive and clear assessment of the nature, evolution, workings, and impact of European integration.
The fourteenth joint edition of the OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook provides market projections for major agricultural commodities, biofuels and fish, as well as a special feature on the prospects and challenges of agriculture and fisheries in the Middle East and North Africa.
Der Zuckermarkt ist weltweit - und ganz besonderes angesichts der jüngsten Entwicklungen in Osteuropa und Kuba - von besonderer Bedeutung. Dieses einzigartige Nachschlagewerk bietet umfangreiche Hintergrundinformationen zur Geschichte des Zuckers, zu Anbau und Verbrauch. Ausführlich werden der wachsende Produktionssektor sowie Tendenzen in Weltproduktion, Verbrauch und Handel erläutert und umfangreiches Zahlenmaterial zu Produktion, Export, Vertrieb, Verträgen, Verbrauch, Handel und Preisen zur Verfügung gestellt. Das Buch beleuchtet die Produktionspolitik der weltgrößten Zuckererzeuger, die künftige Entwicklung in Osteuropa und Kuba sowie mögliche Zuckerersatzstoffe, den Zuckerhandelszyklus und Marketingketten und den Zuckerterminmarkt (Futures). (11/97)
Over the next three years negotiations will be taking place in the WTO (World Trade Organisation) on agriculture. This report will help participants and analysts to understand the EU's negotiating position.
Trade agreements have become politicized in part because of public concerns that trade rules constrain regulatory decisions. How much international obligations constrain state behaviour, however, is contested in the International Relations literature. This book seeks to explain whether, why, and how jurisdictions comply with inconvenient international obligations. It does so through detailed process tracing of European Union (EU) policies found incompatible with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules: its ban on hormone-treated beef, its banana trade regime, its moratorium on the approval of genetically modified crops, its sugar export subsidies, and its anti-dumping duties on bed linen from India. It uses the adverse rulings as the 'treatment' in a 'natural experiment', contrasting the policy-relevant politics before and after each ruling. The case studies are supplemented by a qualitative comparative analysis of all EU policies found to contravene WTO rules that had to be changed by the end of 2019. The book contributes to debates on the impact of international institutions, on the effectiveness of the WTO, and on the nature of the EU as an international actor. It argues that the preferences of policy makers (the 'supply' of policy change) matter more than demands from societal actors in determining whether compliance occurs. It also argues that while policy change in response to adverse WTO rulings is the norm (good news for trade), WTO members do resist obligations that would compromise cherished policy objectives (good news for legitimacy). This volume contends that the EU's compliance performance is like that of most WTO members; it is not a unique international actor.