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The world has changed radically since 1989, when the General Assembly declared the period from 1990 to 1999 as the United Nations Decade of International Law. During that time, the international community claimed some major achievements as reflected by the adoption of conventions and treaties. This publication presents a collection of essays from legal advisers of States and international organizations, all of whom are among those committed to promoting respect for international law. Their contribution provides a practical perspective on international law, viewed from the standpoint of those involved in its formation, application and administration.
The adoption of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing to the Convention on Biological Diversity in 2010 is a major landmark for the global governance of genetic resources and traditional knowledge. The way in which it will be translated into practice will however depend on the concrete implementation in national country legislation across the world. Implementing the Nagoya Protocol compares existing ABS regimes in ten European countries, including one non-EU member and one EU candidate country, and critically explores several cross-cutting issues related to the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in the EU. Gathering some of the most professional and widely acclaimed experts in ABS issues, this book takes a major step towards filling a gap in the vast body of literature on national and regional implementation of global commitments regarding ABS and traditional knowledge.
Are OECD countries becoming more knowledge-based? Are they embracing the information economy? To what extent are innovation, science, technology and economies becoming global? What are the new growth industries and occupations? With over 160 indicators, 60% of them new to this edition, the volume provides a comprehensive picture of countries’ performance in the areas of science, technology and industry. It uses an improved classification of technology and knowledge-intensive industries. New indicators address emerging policy issues: international mobility of human capital, relative innovative performance as measured by patent families, skills in the information economy, diffusion of the Internet and electronic commerce. Resources devoted to innovation in emerging areas such as biotechnology, environment, health and information and communication technologies are measured for the first time. A new section on the information economy relies on the latest data from official sources. With the essential findings presented in bullet points and methodological notes on indicators and data sources, this publication combines statistical rigour with easy access and readability. An electronic version makes individual sections, an elaborate data appendix and links to the databases readily available. The electronic version also gives users “clickable” access to the data used in charts and figures. AREAS COVERED: New resources for the knowledge-based economy - Human capital and international mobility - R&D performance - Role of government and business in R&D and innovation - Science and innovation performance - Resources and infrastructure for the information economy - Diffusion of Internet technologies and electronic commerce - Contribution of the information and communication technologies to economic performance - International trade - Foreign direct investment - Strategic alliances and cross-border, mergers and acquisitions - Internationalisation of science and technology - Industrial structure and productivity growth - Technology and knowledge-intensive industries and their performance. FURTHER READING: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2000; OECD Information Technology Outlook 2000; OECD Communications Outlook 2001; A New Economy: Beyond the Hype, 2001 (OECD ); OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators 2001/1 and STI Working Papers series available at http://www.oecd.org/dsti/sti/stat-ana/index.htm.
In this book, leading native and non-native scholars present a fascinating view of American Indian tribal values and indigenous cultures. This 'Tribal Wisdom' offers an ethic of business practice that is relationship-based and community-oriented, fostering a harmonious web of life which includes the natural environment.
The sharp rise in mineral use has revived concern about scarcity. Economist John Tilton responds by analyzing recent trends in the consumption and availability of minerals that are most integral to the needs of modern civilization. He reminds readers that, if the arguments about scarcity sound familiar, it is because the story of minerals scarcity is almost as old as human history-and so too is substitution and technological innovation. The issue at hand is the unprecedented acceleration in exploitation and use. Given global population growth, rising living standards, and environmental concerns, how seriously should today‘s society take the threat of mineral exhaustion? On Borrowed Time? provides general interest and student readers with an accessible framework for understanding scarcity. Tilton defines important concepts and explores the methods used to study mineral scarcity, including physical measures of known reserves and the total resource base, and economic measures, such as extraction and end-user costs. He notes the increasing emphasis on the social and environmental costs of mineral production and use, placing the scarcity debate in context of broader concerns about sustainability and equity. He adds a history of thought about scarcity, from Malthus and Ricardo to Harold Hotelling, Donella Meadows, to the present day.
The 2010 Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing in Perspective analyses the implications of this innovative environmental treaty for different areas of international law, and its implementation challenges in various regions and from the perspectives of various stakeholders.