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This publication is intended to support those working in the field of diagnostic radiology dosimetry, both in standards laboratories involved in the calibration of dosimeters and those in clinical centres and hospitals where patient dosimetry and quality assurance measurements are of vital concern. This code of practice covers diverse dosimetric situations corresponding to the range of examinations found clinically, and includes guidance on dosimetry for general radiography, fluoroscopy, mammography, computed tomography and dental radiography. The material is presented in a practical way with guidance worksheets and examples of calculations. A set of appendices is also included with background and detailed discussion of important aspects of diagnostic radiology dosimetry.
Accrediation by the Joint Commission on Accrediation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO) and the American College of Radiology (ACR) requires the monitoring of patient doses resulting from diagnostic x-ray procedures. The intent of these standards is to ensure that the risk or detriment posed by the radiation dose received by the patient is well below the benefit the patient receives from the diagnostic information provided by the examination. In addition, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) basic tenants concerning radiation protection in diagnostic radiology recommend that: unnecessary exposures should be avoided; necessary exposures should be justifiable in terms of benefits what would not have otherwise been received; and that dose actually administered should be limited to the minimum amount consistent with the medical benefit to the individual patient. This report is intended to provide instruction and guidance for radiology sections of a clinic, hospital or medical center center to determine patient dose resulting from conventional radiographic examinations. The report provides published dosimetric results from various studies to allow comparison with measured doses. Recommended action levels are presented to for identification and correction of abnormally high dose procedures. By integrating dose assessment into a departments regular quality control program, patient and staff exposures will be minimized while ensuring optimal image quality and compliance with accrediation standards.
Radiation dosimetry was originally developed as a tool to quantify biological effects for use in setting dose limits for radiation protection and to determine accurately the irradiation needed to treat tumors or to prevent from deterministic effects and radiation risks. In this book Thermoluminescence Dosimeters (TLD) used in diagnostic, interventional radiology and radiotherapy were studied in terms of dose measurement, optimisation and radiation risk reduction for patients and staff.This book is intended to describe the measurement radiation dose for both patients and staff during diagnostic and radiation therapy using TLDs. It also describes methods of radiation dose optimization during diagnostic and interventional radiology by measuring the entrance and pripheral doses to thyroid and skin for patients during breast, head and neck and prostate treatments. The use of build up caps constructed from materials with different atomic number enable us to measure high radiation energies with acceptable accuracy. The radiation risk for both patients and staff was also evaluated. Therefore, this book provide new data and ideas for clinical medical physicists and dosimetrists.
Provides a comprehensive overview of the development of procedures for in vivo dosimetry in radiotherapy. It elaborates on the technology behind in vivo dosimetry and describes an initial set of measurements.
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Radiation Protection in Diagnostic X-Ray Imaging covers the recent developments that have been introduced to address the increasing dose to the patient, and new assessment tools for use in dose optimization studies. Based on material from ASRT, ARRT and CAMRT, as well as Current Concepts of Radiation Protection. Content is mapped to the ARRT Radiation Protection Examination Specifications and ASRT Radiation Protection Objectives. In addition to topics prescribed by the ARRT for the certification examination, this book includes topics for advanced study. Some electronic and eBook versions do not include access to Navigate 2 Advantage resources.
In the medical applications of ionizing radiation, radiodiagnostic and radiotherapy, a relatively small error ( 5 %) in the delivered dose may seriously harm to the patient, for this purpose thermoluminscence dosimeters(TLD-700)was use to estimate the absorbed dose from external-beam radiation therapy, and diagnostic radiology .TL dosimeters are widely used in clinical applications. TLDs measured the absorbed doses to staff and patients