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Federal management of water is undergoing a change that involves a drastic reduction in the number of new water projects and an increase in emphasis on the quality of water management. This book summarizes and analyzes environmental research conducted in the lower Colorado River below the Glen Canyon Dam under the leadership of the Bureau of Reclamation. It reviews alternative dam operations to mitigate impacts in the lower Colorado riverine environment and the strengths and weaknesses of large federal agencies dealing with broad environmental issues and hydropower production. While many problems remain to be solved, the Bureau of Reclamation through the Glen Canyon area. The lessons of GCES are transferable to other locations and could be the basis for a new era in the management of western waters.
Adjustment to the environmental alterations of the Glen Canyon Dam.
Sustained drought in the Upper Colorado River Basin allowed native and nonnative plant species to colonize low-lying bar surfaces within the last five years. The effects of this vegetation at bar and reach scales were assessed by combining a 2-dimensional hydraulic model with models for rigid and flexible vegetation developed by Smith (2001; 2006). Modeling results showed that the vegetation characterized in 2005 produced the greatest reduction in velocity and shear stress (15% and 35% respectively) at flows equal to 28% of bankfull discharge. At the highest flow modeled (76% of bankfull discharge) the vegetation produced almost no change in velocity, but reduced the bed shear stress by 11%. While local effects on the bar were pronounced, overall flow patterns were not greatly changed in the reach. Additional model results simulating future growth of vegetation indicate significant increases in shear stress in the main channel, which could cause channel change.