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This thesis is a study of the recent advances in microwave device technology that can be applied to the improvement of phased array radar systems which are able to provide multifunction capabilities to navy ships. The study was undertaken to provide guidance to military planners who are often required to keep abreast of developments in a rapidly changing field of technology. The fact that even the most advanced presently used radar systems in the navy are based on five to ten year-old technology, verifies the need for this study. Microwave Power Modules which combine vacuum tube and Solid State technology have been developed and have demonstrated advanced performance characteristics. Their advantages, such as very wide bandwidth and ability to operate at much higher ambient temperatures over that of the Solid State devices have opened up new opportunities for their use in Radar systems. However, output power capability of MPM while growing rapidly is still below the minimum level required for a phased array radar on board a midsize hip operating in confined waters. The present technology available however in Solid State Transmit Receive modules, does supply the capabilities needed for a realization of an active phased array radar. Such a system will enhance ships operational capabilities while achieving a reduction of the prime power consumption as well as in needed space. The applicability and characteristics of these devices re presented in this thesis.
Weather radar is a vital instrument for observing the atmosphere to help provide weather forecasts and issue weather warnings to the public. The current Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) system provides Doppler radar coverage to most regions of the United States (NRC, 1995). This network was designed in the mid 1980s and deployed in the 1990s as part of the National Weather Service (NWS) modernization (NRC, 1999). Since the initial design phase of the NEXRAD program, considerable advances have been made in radar technologies and in the use of weather radar for monitoring and prediction. The development of new technologies provides the motivation for appraising the status of the current weather radar system and identifying the most promising approaches for the development of its eventual replacement. The charge to the committee was to determine the state of knowledge regarding ground-based weather surveillance radar technology and identify the most promising approaches for the design of the replacement for the present Doppler Weather Radar. This report presents a first look at potential approaches for future upgrades to or replacements of the current weather radar system. The need, and schedule, for replacing the current system has not been established, but the committee used the briefings and deliberations to assess how the current system satisfies the current and emerging needs of the operational and research communities and identified potential system upgrades for providing improved weather forecasts and warnings. The time scale for any total replacement of the system (20- to 30-year time horizon) precluded detailed investigation of the designs and cost structures associated with any new weather radar system. The committee instead noted technologies that could provide improvements over the capabilities of the evolving NEXRAD system and recommends more detailed investigation and evaluation of several of these technologies. In the course of its deliberations, the committee developed a sense that the processes by which the eventual replacement radar system is developed and deployed could be as significant as the specific technologies adopted. Consequently, some of the committee's recommendations deal with such procedural issues.
This comprehensive handbook provides readers with a single-source reference to the theoretical fundamentals, physical mechanisms and principles of operation of all known microwave devices and various radars. The author discusses proven methods of computation and design development, process, schematic, schematic-technical and construction peculiarities of each breed of the microwave devices, as well as the most popular and original technical solutions for radars. Coverage also includes the history of creation of the most widely used radars, as well as guidelines for their potential upgrading. Offers readers a comprehensive, systematized view of all contemporary knowledge, acquired during the last 20 years, on radars and related disciplines; Provides a single-source reference on the physical mechanisms and principles of operation of the basic components of radio location devices, including theoretical aspects of designing the necessary, high-efficiency electronic devices and systems, as well as key, practical methods of computation and design; Presents complex topics using simple language, minimizing mathematics.