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This text brings together up-to-date information on both freshwater and marine fungi. A wide spectrum of topics are discussed, such as the morphology, physiology and ecology of the fungi, as well as the role of fungi in pesticide breakdown. For convenience the book is divided into two sections. The first section deals with the marine fungi and the second with fresh water fungi. This is a text suitable for undergraduates and graduates mycology, marine biology, ecology, physiology, oceanography, microbiology, biochemistry and zoology. It will also be useful to those interested in pathology, for river boards and all concerned with pollution.
Microbes, including fungi, constitute an important component of biodiversity. They comprise one of the biggest kingdoms in the living world. A lot of work has been done in mycology in the past several years in India and abroad. The present book comprises a collection of 26 original research articles by eminent mycologists. This book will be very useful for researchers, teachers, and students studying mycology.
Zoosporic Fungi are often considered difficult to study, especially from a taxonomic point of view. In recent years, these have received considerable attention of the mycologists all over the world. This book brings together a wide spectrum of articles compiled by the editor mainly to attract the attention of Indian Workers. The book contains in all 12 chapters contributed by renowned workers in the area.
Indian mycologists have extensively studied various groups of fungi such as soil fungi, aquatic fungi, marine fungi, endophytic fungi, fungi associated with man and animals. Though several books on various aspects of fungi are published, this is the first account of the history and developments in mycology in India. It discusses at length various stages of development of mycology including both classical and biotechnological aspects. It begins with a historical account of Indian mycology, followed by a description of research on fossil fungi. Further chapters cover the latest updates on different taxonomic groups of fungi. A dedicated section describes the roles and applications of fungal endophytes. The book also includes research in other important areas such as mushrooms and wood rotting fungi. Different chapters are written by leading mycologists. This book is useful to students, teachers and researchers in botany, microbiology, biotechnology and life sciences, agriculture and industries using fungi to produce various valuable products.
Articles in this volume analyze rapidly evolving approaches, many at the cusp of development, to research plant defense mechanisms, pathogen variability, and epidemiology. Jones and Jones focus on emerging patterns that key resistance genes encode or require leucine-rich repeat proteins. Holub and Beynon analyze associating host resistance specificity with a locus and whether a phenotype is due to single or multiple genes. Ashby combines biochemical, molecular, and classical plant pathology to analyze interactions and provide leads to novel control strategies. Heath and Skalamera question why fungal biotrophs form intracellular structures, the significance of ensuing cellular rearrangements and death of invaded resistant cells. Spencer-Phillips explores the roles of haustoria and intercellular hyphae in intercepting organic and inorganic nutrients from hosts.Chamberlain and Ingram compare pathogen asexual and sexual reproduction for generating genetic variation, physiological and fitness costs and trade-offs. Hardham and Hyde consider new knowledge of sporangiogenesis and zoospore production in oomycetes. Dewey et al. analyze recent advances in accurately enumerating pathogens in soil. Wistemeyer et al. consider opportunities for horizontal gene transfer amongst microbes and plants in soil. Irwin et al. discuss origins of genetic variationof Phytophthora pathogens of pasture legumes. Rodriguez and Redman show how prominent pathogens which also behave as endophytes or saprophytes may influence plant community structure and dynamics. Haubold and Rainey challenge us to consider geneticvariation in plant-colonizing bacterial populations. Milgroom and Fry demonstrate that the practical need to understand pathogen variation is the most significant application of population genetics to disease management.
Straminipilous Fungi presents a critical comparative review of the morphology and ultrastructure, morphogenesis, cytology, molecular biology and evolution of the biflagellate fungi. These organisms encompass the fungi formerly called oomycetes; taxonomically related heterotrophs studied by mycologists; plasmodiophorids and other heterotrophs. Appropriate comparisons are made with chromophyte algae, marine heterotrophs and chytridiaceous fungi. Little-known taxa which have been referred to the various orders of flagellate fungi are also listed together with citations. A new hierarchical classification is presented which is supported by systematic accounts and synoptic keys. Dichotomous keys based on habitat and habit are given to all known species of lagenidiaceous fungi, labyrinthulids and plasmodiophorids. A unique `one stop' reference resource for plant pathologists is provided by the binominal lists, including host-related lists for the downy mildews. The book, including ca 4000 references, is a major text for post-graduate and research workers, particularly freshwater and marine biologists, soil ecologists and plant pathologists.
The Indian subcontinent has rich biological diversity in the world owing to its vast geographic area, varied topography and climate. It is classified into 10 biogeographic regions. Amongst the 34 hotspots of the world, two are located on Indian land extending into neighboring countries - the Western Ghats / Sri Lanka and the eastern Himalaya.
The available literature on freshwater fungi is limited. Over the subsequent years a considerable volume of scientific papers have appeared scattered throughout numerous journals. There is therefore no recent synthesis of the subject and this is the objective of the proposed book. Freshwater habitats are rich in fungi with some 3,000 described species, most of papers focussing on their identification, substrata they grow on and world distribution. However, these fungi play an important role in the freshwater ecosystem, and are primarily involved in the breakdown of leaf litter contributing food for detritus feeders. Our book will bring together a wide range of acclaimed mycologists to review recent developments on the biology and ecology of freshwater fungi, particularly their molecular phylogeny, biodiversity, causative diseases of freshwater amphibians, fishes and invertebrate animals, decomposition of leaf litter, stream pollution and their potential role in bioremediation.
Marine fungi play a major role in marine and mangrove ecosystems. Understanding how higher fungi with their spectrum of cellulolytic and ligninolytic enzymes degrade wood tissue, while labyrinthuloids and thraustochytrids further contribute to the dissolved organic matter entering the open ocean is essential to marine ecology. This work provides an overview of marine fungi including morphology and ultrastructure, phylogeny, biogeography and biodiversity. Increasingly, biotechnology is also turning to these organisms to develop new bioactive compounds and to address problems such as decomposition of materials in the ocean and bioremediation of oil spills. These potential applications of marine fungi are also treated. In the light of massive marine oil spills in the past years, the importance of understanding marine fungi and their role in the food chain cannot be underestimated.