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This is the first definitive book on rapid thermal processing (RTP), an essential namufacturing technology for single-wafer processing in highly controlled environments. Written and edited by nine experts in the field, this book covers a range of topics for academics and engineers alike, moving from basic theory to advanced technology for wafer manufacturing. The book also provides new information on the suitability or RTP for thin film deposition, junction formation, silicides, epitaxy, and in situ processing. Complete discussions on equipment designs and comparisons between RTP and other processing approaches also make this book useful for supplemental information on silicon processing, VLSI processing, and integrated circuit engineering.
Rapid thermal processing has contributed to the development of single wafer cluster processing tools and other innovations in integrated circuit manufacturing environments. Borisenko and Hesketh review theoretical and experimental progress in the field, discussing a wide range of materials, processes, and conditions. They thoroughly cover the work of international investigators in the field.
As feature dimensions of integrated circuits shrink, the associated geometrical constraints on junction depth impose severe restrictions on the thermal budget for processing such devices. Furthermore, due to the relatively low melting point of the first aluminum metallization level, such restrictions extend to the fabrication of multilevel structures that are now essential in increasing packing density of interconnect lines. The fabrication of ultra large scale integrated (ULSI) devices under thermal budget restrictions requires the reassessment of existing and the development of new microelectronic materials and processes. This book addresses three broad but interrelated areas. The first area focuses on the subject of rapid thermal processing (RTP), a technology that allows minimization of processing time while relaxing the constraints on high temperature. Initially developed to limit dopant redistribution, current applications of RTP are shown here to encompass annealing, oxidation, nitridation, silicidation, glass reflow, and contact sintering. In a second but complementary area, advances in equipment design and performance of rapid thermal processing equipment are presented in conjunction with associated issues of temperature measurement and control. Defect mechanisms are assessed together with the resulting properties of rapidly deposited and processed films. The concept of RTP integration for a full CMOS device process is also examined together with its impact on device characteristics.
This volume presents a research update of silicon and non-silicon transient processing techniques such as rapid thermal processing, pulsed laser processes, flash evaporation, jet processes, and more. Also covered are process sensors, equipment issues, and the manufacturing perspective.
This volume is a collection of papers which were presented at the 2001 International Conference on Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP 2001) held at Ise Shima, Mie, on November 14-16, 2001. This symposium is second conference followed the previous successful first International RTP conference held at Hokkaido in 1997. The RTP 2001 covered the latest developments in RTP and other short-time processing continuously aiming to point out the future direction in the Silicon ULSI devices and II-VI, III-V compound semiconductor devices.This book covers the following areas: advanced MOS gate stack, integration technologies, advancd channel engineering including shallow junction, SiGe, hetero-structure, novel metallization, inter-connect, silicidation, low-k materials, thin dielectrics including gate dielectrics and high-k materials, thin film deposition including SiGe, SOI and SiC, process and device modelling, Laser-assisted crystallization and TFT device fabrication technologies, temperature monitoring and slip-free technologies.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
The chemical aspects of materials processing used for electronic applications, e.g. Si, III-V compounds, superconductors, metallization materials, are covered in this volume. Significant recent advances have occurred in the development of new volatile precursors for the fabrication of III-V semiconductor and metal [Cu, W] films by OMCVD. Some fundamentally new and wide-ranging applications have been introduced in recent times. Experimental and modeling studies regarding deposition kinetics, operating conditions and transport as well as properties of films produced by PVD, CVD and PECVD are discussed. The thirty papers in this volume report on many other significant topics also. Research workers involved in these aspects of materials technology may find here some new perspectives with which to augment their projects.
The third edition of this highly respected market study provides a detailed insight into the global developments of the GaAs industry to 2004, and the implications for both suppliers and users of GaAs technology. The report has been completely revised and updated with a new chapter added on competitive technologies. The report also supplies market analysis by component type and application sectors.For a PDF version of the report please call Tina Enright on +44 (0) 1865 843008 for price details.