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Radical Functionalism: A Social Architecture for Mexico provides a complex and nuanced understanding of the functionalist architecture developed in Mexico during the 1930s. It carefully re-reads the central texts and projects of its main advocates to show how their theories responded to the socially and culturally charged Mexican context. These, such as architects Juan Legarreta, Juan O’Gorman, the Union of Socialist Architects, and Manuel Amábilis, were part of broader explorations to develop a modern, national architecture intended to address the needs of the Mexican working classes. Through their refunctioning of functionalism, these radical thinkers showed how architecture could stand at the precipice of Mexico's impending modernization and respond to its impending changes. The book examines their engagement and negotiation with foreign influences, issues of gender and class, and the separation between art and architecture. Functionalist practices are presented as contradictory and experimental, as challenging the role of architecture in the transformation of society, and as intimately linked to art and local culture in the development of new forms of architecture for Mexico, including the "vernacularization" of functionalism itself. Uniquely including translations of two manifesto-like texts by O’Gorman expressing the polemical nature of their investigations, Radical Functionalism: A Social Architecture for Mexico will be a useful reference for scholars, researchers and students interested in the history of architectural movements.
(Radical) Functionalism in Latin America is an introduction to the production and theorization of functionalist architecture in Latin America from the 1920s through the 1940s. Primarily an abstract, utilitarian, and social architecture, functionalism developed and manifested itself most powerfully in the urban centers of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Uruguay. The book traces how it emerged within and against various economic, artistic, cultural, and political realities and out of the need to radically transform architecture--not only to meet the building requirements of a growing working class but also to critique longstanding aesthetic practices. (Radical) Functionalism in Latin America addresses the material and structural bases of functionalist architecture, the new aesthetics that it proposed, and the tensions that it introduced. In doing so, it grapples with what it means for architecture to be "radical." The book is the result of research undertaken by students at Columbia University's Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation led by Professor Luis E. Carranza. It assembles and presents key writings and manifestos by some of Latin America's most important functionalist architects and thinkers--many translated into English for the first time. (Radical) Functionalism in Latin America is intended as a resource, a reference, a historical guide, and, perhaps most of all, an invitation for more research into the various strands and examples of (radical) functionalism in Latin America during the first half of the twentieth century.
This book and its companion volume present a detailed guide to three major structural-functional theories: Functional Grammar, Role and Reference Grammar and Systemic Functional Grammar. This first volume provides the necessary background through a discussion of the characteristics of functional theories, followed by a brief analysis of six approaches to language in the light of this discussion. These chapters lead to a characterization of a smaller set of ‘structural-functional grammars’, among which FG, RRG and SFG are central. An overview of each of these theories in relation to the simplex clause is then presented, followed by a more critical comparison. The remainder of the book deals with the structure and meaning of phrasal units, the representation of situations, and the treatment of tense, aspect, modality and polarity, across the three theories. A major feature of the book is the use of examples from corpora of English and other languages, which serve not only to exemplify theoretical and descriptive claims, but also at times to challenge them.
In this major new book, James Curran addresses three key questions about media power: How much power do the media have? Who really controls the media? What is the relationship between media and power in society?
Containing new thinking and original surveys from leading international scholars, this ideal course reader uses contemporary media, film texts and case studies to address key issues and debates within media and cultural studies the world over.
The book presents a series of epistemological, conceptual and methodological explorations appropriate to the development of critical organizational analysis.
Volume one of a two volume set outlining and comparing three approaches to the study of language labelled 'structural-functionalist': functional grammar (FG); role and reference grammar (RRG); and systemic functional grammar (SFG).
The volumes in this set, originally published between 1940 and 1994, draw together research by leading academics in the area of welfare and the state, and provide a rigorous examination of related key issues. The volume examines the concepts of welfare in relation to the state through the areas of policy making, social administration, class division and social inequality, social policy and privatization, whilst also exploring the general principles and practices of the welfare state in various countries. This set will be of particular interest to students of sociology, politics, economics, social work respectively.
Introduction to Design Theory introduces a comprehensive, systematic, and didactic outline of the discourse of design. Designed both as a course book and a source for research, this textbook methodically covers the central concepts of design theory, definitions of design, its historical milestones, and its relations to culture, industry, body, ecology, language, society, gender and ideology. Demonstrated by a shift towards the importance of the sociocultural context in which products are manufactured and embedded, this book showcases design theory as an emerging sub-discipline of design, unique in its practice-based approach and its broad perception of design. It offers an in-depth understanding of the central concepts, such as "form" and "function", "theory" and "practice", through a discussion of key case studies and historical examples, such as the advent of the view of design in antiquity, the introduction of mass production to modernist design or the ideological shifts in design in the mid-twentieth century, as well as analytical tools for further dissection and learning in practice. With a focus on a combination of several theoretical knowledge foundations — aesthetics and philosophy, critical theories, cultural studies, design history and design anthropology — the reader is enabled to approach design as a central pivot around which contemporary culture revolves, reflecting, reaffirming or challenging social and cultural structures. Aimed towards undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as teachers and scholars, from across the design disciplines, Introduction to Design Theory invites readers to engage with design from an interdisciplinary perspective, departing from the traditional academic compartmentalisation of practice, history and philosophy.
In 1979 the International Rel'iel1' of Education celebrated its twenty-fifth anniversary. This book which now reproduces the two Jubilee issues of that Review has been published for a number of reasons. One is the importance of the topics dealt with. The last twenty-five years have seen unprecedented developments in education right across the world, in industrialised countries no less than in those which are still approaching that phase. From time to time it is essential to look back over the past and take stock of how the present situation has come about, to disentangle the trends and sort out from the welter of ideas those which turned out to be non-starters, those which died in their tracks, and those which came to stay. This is only possible after a certain passage of time has set events in proportion and in perspective. The twenty-five years which have elapsed since the IRE was started ten years after the ending of World War II would seem to be just long enough to make this possible, though when the IRE celebrates its fiftieth Jubilee in the year 2004 some of the trends which now seem so definite may themselves have died away to be replaced by others which can now be only dimly conceived. Another reason for this publication is the quality and standing in the world of education and scholarship of the two editors and their contributors.