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Microeconomic policies in particular, industrial and innovation policies are appraised and enforced within the framework of the rules relative to free movement and competition. This book introduces the current wave of innovative industrial policies in France. By giving a historical context to their development, the evolution of key economic concepts and theories are put into perspective. In addition, with the aim of articulating horizontal and vertical interventions, this book analyzes the difficulties for public authorities when it comes to linking these matrix policies.
Transformations in Mobility provides a panoramic overview of the changing mobility business landscape, helping transportation leaders and consultants make sense of the most important trends, challenges and opportunities impacting this sector. Drawing on exclusive interviews from thirty of the most important leaders, experts and financiers in transportation spanning all modes and from around the world, the book delves into the practical lessons learned from a demand, regulatory, strategic, technology and leadership perspective and explores the way mobility might evolve in the future. It looks into pressing issues such as fragmentation of demand in mobility, technological disruptions impacting the sector and how far it is possible to decarbonize transport when it is the world's second biggest source of emissions. Drawing on cutting-edge insights, this book explores mobility's shift from supply-driven to demand-driven growth, the role of regulation and standards, digitalization, the emergence of cross-industry coalitions and the decarbonization agenda and its impact on future transport shares. It offers insightful stories and lessons learned from some of the world's leading industry experts, including some never heard before. It also features exciting case studies such as European Rail Signalling Systems ERTMS and Class 1 Freight Railways in North America.
"La mondialisation et son cortège de délocalisations inquiètent. Depuis 1978, l'industrie a perdu 1,5 million d'emplois. La France va-t-elle devenir un pays sans usine ? Toutes les enquêtes d'opinion le montrent, les Français plébiscitent le retour d'une "politique industrielle". Face à l'afflux des investisseurs étrangers et à un capitalisme financier jugé débridé, les Français vont jusqu'à réclamer le "patriotisme économique". On pensait la politique industrielle reléguée au rayon des accessoires obsolètes. Après avoir connu ses heures de gloires dans les années d'après-guerre et jusqu'au début des années 1980, le colbertisme à la française semblait avoir démontré son inefficacité à répondre aux enjeux économiques contemporains. Mais, en quelques années, les termes du débat ont changé. Les récents développements de la théorie économique ont ouvert de nouvelles pistes de promotion de la croissance économique. II n'est plus question de nationalisation, de planification et de dirigisme. Innovation, compétitivité, attractivité sont les nouveaux éléments de vocabulaire de la politique industrielle. L'État entrepreneur a vécu ; l'État stratège, facilitateur, doit s'imposer. En mettant en oeuvre la politique d'offre qui relancera la croissance française. Et en assurant la défense des intérêts nationaux avec la même discrète efficacité que certains gouvernements étrangers. Plutôt qu'un handicap, l'Union européenne devrait constituer un formidable levier pour soutenir cette politique. Une certaine vigilance reste de mise. En France, l'impulsion de l'État est sans cesse recherchée en même temps qu'elle est critiquée. Oui à une "nouvelle" politique industrielle, mais Oui seulement si cette politique correspond à une volonté d'intégration offensive dans la mondialisation"--P. [4] of cover.
This book provides a thorough discussion about fundamental questions regarding urban theories and modeling. It is a curated collection of contributions to a workshop held in Paris on October 12th and 13th 2017 at the Institute of Complex Systems by the team of ERC GeoDiverCity. There are several chapters conveying the answers given by single authors to problems of conceptualization and modeling and others in which scholars reply to their conception and question them. Even, the chapters transcribing keynote presentations were rewritten according to contributions from the respective discussions. The result is a complete “state of the art” of what is our knowledge about urban processes and their possible formalization.
Tracking the relationship between the theory of press control and the realities of practicing daily press censorship prior to publication, this volume on the suppression of dissent in early modern Europe tackles a topic with many elusive and under-researched characteristics. Pre-publication censorship was common in absolutist regimes in Catholic and Protestant countries alike, but how effective it was in practice remains open to debate. The Netherlands and England, where critical content segued into outright lampoonery, were unusual for hard-wired press freedoms that arose, respectively, from a highly competitive publishing industry and highly decentralized political institutions. These nations remained extraordinary exceptions to a rule that, for example in France, did not end until the revolution of 1789. Here, the author’s European perspective provides a survey of the varying censorship regulations in European nations, as well as the shifting meanings of ‘freedom of the press’. The analysis opens up fascinating insights, afforded by careful reading of primary archival sources, into the reactions of censors confronted with manuscripts by authors seeking permission to publish. Tortarolo sets the opinions on censorship of well-known writers, including Voltaire and Montesquieu, alongside the commentary of anonymous censors, allowing us to revisit some common views of eighteenth-century history. How far did these writers, their reasoning stiffened by Enlightenment values, promote dissident views of absolutist monarchies in Europe, and what insights did governments gain from censors’ reports into the social tensions brewing under their rule? These questions will excite dedicated researchers, graduate students, and discerning lay readers alike.
Despite various decades of research and claim-making by feminist scholars and movements, gender remains an overlooked area in development studies. Looking at key issues in development studies through the prisms of gender and feminism, the authors demonstrate that gender is an indispensable tool for social change.
This title was first published in 2000: This text presents a study of collective learning, networking and high-technology regions in Europe. It first provides an overview of the subject area, then goes on to discuss topics such as the role of inter-SME networking and collective learning processes in European high-technology milieux.