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Mathematics in Science and Engineering, Volume 41: Quasilinearization and Invariant Imbedding presents a study on the use of two concepts for obtaining numerical solutions of boundary-value problems—quasilinearization and invariant imbedding. This book emphasizes that the invariant imbedding approach reformulates the original boundary-value problem into an initial value problem by introducing new variables or parameters, while the quasilinearization technique represents an iterative approach combined with linear approximations. This volume focuses on analytical aspects that are concerned with actual convergence rates and computational requirements, considering various efficient algorithms that are suited for various types of boundary-value problems. This publication is a good reference for chemical and control engineers and scientists interested in obtaining numerical solutions of boundary-value problems in their particular fields.
Imbedding is a powerful and versatile tool for problem solving. Rather than treat a question in isolation, we view it as a member of a family of related problems. Each member then becomes a stepping stone in a path to a simultaneous solution of the entire set of problems. As might be expected, there are many ways of accomplishing this imbedding. Time and space variables have been widely employed in the past, while modern approaches combine these structural features with others less immediate. Why should one search for alternate imbeddings when elegant classical formalisms already exist? There are many reasons. To begin with, different imbeddings are useful for different purposes. Some are well suited to the derivation of existence and uniqueness theorems, some to the derivation of conservation relations, some to perturbation techniques and sensitivity analysis, some to computa tional studies. The digital computer is designed for initial value problems; the analog computer for boundary-value problems. It is essential then to be flexible and possess the ability to use one device or the other, or both. In economics, engineering, biology and physics, some pro cesses lend themselves more easily to one type of imbedding rather than another. Thus, for example, stochastic decision processes are well adapted to dynamic programming. In any case, to go hunting in the wilds of the scientific world armed with only one arrow in one's quiver is quite foolhardy.
Handbook of Differential Equations is a handy reference to many popular techniques for solving and approximating differential equations, including exact analytical methods, approximate analytical methods, and numerical methods. Topics covered range from transformations and constant coefficient linear equations to finite and infinite intervals, along with conformal mappings and the perturbation method. Comprised of 180 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to transformations as well as general ideas about differential equations and how they are solved, together with the techniques needed to determine if a partial differential equation is well-posed or what the "natural" boundary conditions are. Subsequent sections focus on exact and approximate analytical solution techniques for differential equations, along with numerical methods for ordinary and partial differential equations. This monograph is intended for students taking courses in differential equations at either the undergraduate or graduate level, and should also be useful for practicing engineers or scientists who solve differential equations on an occasional basis.
The industrial and military applications of atomic energy have stimulated much mathematical research in neutron transport theory. The possibility of controlled thermonuclear processes has similarly focussed attention upon plasmas, sometimes called the "fourth state of matter". Independently, many classical aspects of kinetic theory and radiative transfer theory have been studied both because of their basic mathematical interest and of their physical applications to areas such as upper-atmosphere meteorology - introduction.
This volume is a collection of some of the most significant mathematical works of Prof Richard E Bellman. Ten areas of Prof Bellman's mathematical research were selected by his co-workers for this volume. Each chapter starts with an introductory comment on the significance of Bellman's contribution. Some important mathematical theories are put forward and their applications in physics and biology such as the mathematical aspect of chemotherapy and the analysis of biological systems are included in this book.
Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise, Volume XIB: Mathematical Methods focuses on mathematical techniques that consist of concepts relating to differentiation and integration. This book discusses the methods in lattice statistics, Pfaffian solution of the planar Ising problem, and probability theory and stochastic processes. The random variables and probability distributions, non-equilibrium problems, Brownian motion, and scattering theory are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the elastic scattering from atoms, solution of integral and differential equations, concepts in graph theory, and theory of operator equations. This volume provides graduate and physical chemistry students a basic understanding of mathematical techniques important in chemistry.