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The Quarks '86 Seminar brought together scientists from leading centres on high energy physics from the USSR and many other countries, including the USA to discuss the latest developments and achievements in the field of high energy physics, quantum field theory and astrophysics. The proceedings volume contains 45 papers and covers the following topics: vacuum structure in gauge theories; QCD and the quark confinement problem; supersymmetry, supergravity and models in many-dimensional space-time; processes with large transverse momenta and multiloop calculations in quantum chromodynamics; models of Grand Unification; models of composite quarks and leptons; problems of astrophysics and cosmology; quarks degree of freedom in nuclear physics.
The book explains in a precise and complete manner how elementary particle physics has evolved over the past 50 years. The historical development of the ideas that have shaped our thinking about the ultimate constituents of matter is traced out. The author has been associated with some of the originators of elementary particle theory and has made significant contributions to the field. Here, he gives a first-person description of some of the main developments leading to our present view of the universe.
The Evidence for the Top Quark offers both a historical and philosophical perspective on an important recent discovery in particle physics: the first evidence for the elementary particle known as the top quark. Drawing on published reports, oral histories, and internal documents from the large collaboration that performed the experiment, Kent Staley explores in detail the controversies and politics that surrounded this major scientific result.At the same time the book seeks to defend an objective theory of scientific evidence based on error probabilities.
This book explores a large number of resonance effects that occur both in everyday life and in scientific contexts. It is a topic that provides a cross-link between many branches of science and shows how a single scientific principle can manifest itself in many, apparently disparate, ways.Resonance covers fields as diverse as civil engineering in relation to the safety of bridges, the quality of sound from musical instruments, the behaviour of electrical circuits, lasers, the orbits of solar-system bodies, the scattering of X-rays from atoms and the exploration of the structures of molecules, atoms and nuclei.The essential mathematics included should be accessible to any science undergraduate, no matter the discipline of their study. Problems and solutions are provided for every chapter to help reinforce understanding of the material.
This revised and extended edition of the book Fields, Symmetries, and Quarks, originally published by McGraw-Hill Book Company, Hamburg, 1989, contains a new chapter on electroweak interactions which has also grown out of lectures that I have given in the meantime. In addition, a number of changes, mainly in the metric used, in the discussion of the theory of strong interactions, QCD, and in the chapter on hadron physics, have been made and errors have been corrected. The motivation for this book, however, is still the same as it was 10 years ago: This is a book on quantum field theory and our present understanding of leptons and hadrons for advanced students and the non-specialists and, in particular, the experimentalists working on problems of nuclear and hadron physics. I am grateful to Dr. S. Leupold for a very careful reading of the revised manuscript, many corrections, and helpful suggestions and to C. Traxler for producing the figures and for constructive discussions.
One way to understand the world is by looking at its most basic building blocks. All the substances in the world are made up of atoms, which interact with each other by exchanging or sharing electrons. Deep within the atom lies the nucleus, which itself contains the elementary particles called quarks. And by building powerful particle accelerators and enormous detectors, physicists are able to probe the most fundamental constituents of matter. The Nature of Matter is a compelling guide that identifies the essential qualities and characteristics by which matter is recognized.